Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2022-03-09"
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- Schools 4.0 – innovation in vocational educationPublication . Orvalho, Luísa
- The future is now : liberal democracies and the challenge of artificial intelligencePublication . Monteiro, Maria Campos Cortesão; Hasselberger, WilliamCurrent technological developments, such as Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, and Machine Learning, have a significant impact on multiple – if not all – dimensions of our lives. They are deployed, used, and fed by people in a social, cultural, and political context. They can also be used to change and influence that same context, namely the governmental system, the social dimension, and individuals' rights and liberties in a political regime. This dissertation will entail analyze how these technologies are being deployed in different dimensions of liberal democratic societies This analysis will delve into the dynamic of Big Tech data collection, the challenges posed by algorithmic decision-making tools on democratic institutions and the profound and tacit impact of surveillance technology. It will focus on the major challenges these technological deployments may represent, separately and as a whole, on a human rights and ethical perspective as well as an institutional one. The dissertation aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of diverse uses of AI and policy options in the socio-political dimension, instigating awareness and reflection on the paths being built. This reassessment is particularly focused on the possibility of AI as a strengthener and enhancer of liberal democracies, their values, and institutional structures.
- A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study the load capacity and clinical behaviour of the root filled teethPublication . Ordinola-Zapata, Ronald; Lin, Fei; Nagarkar, Sanket; Perdigão, JorgeThe prognosis of root-filled teeth depends not only on a successful root canal treatment but also on the restorative prognosis. This critical review discusses the advantages and limitations of various methodologies used to assess the load capacity or clinical survivability of root-filled teeth and restorations. These methods include static loading, cyclic loading, finite element analysis and randomized clinical trials. In vitro research is valuable for preclinical screening of new dental materials or restorative modalities. It also can assist investigators or industry to decide whether further clinical trials are justified. It is important that these models present high precision and accuracy, be reproducible, and present adequate outcomes. Although in vitro models can reduce confounding by controlling important variables, the lack of clinical validation (accuracy) is a downside that has not been properly addressed. Most importantly, many in vitro studies did not explore the mechanisms of failure and their results are limited to rank different materials or treatment modalities according to the maximum load capacity. An extensive number of randomized clinical trials have also been published in the last years. These trials have provided valuable insight on the survivability of the root-filled tooth answering numerous clinical questions. However, trials can also be affected by the selected outcome and by intrinsic and extrinsic biases. For example, selection bias, loss to follow-up and confounding. In the clinical scenario, hypothesis-based studies are preferred over observational and retrospective studies. It is recommended that hypothesis-based studies minimize error and bias during the design phase.
- A influência dos social media na perceção dos consumidores sobre a reputação corporativa no setor da cosmética : estudo de caso a marca NIVEA no InstagramPublication . Cardoso, Carlota Maria Cardoso de Morais Barreiros; Victorino, Mariana Hidalgo Barata MartinsNos últimos anos temos vindo a acompanhar uma evolução digital sem precedentes, o que conduziu a que a sociedade se deparasse com novos desafios ao nível da comunicação. A internet passou a ser adotada como um meio de comunicação pessoal e profissional. Com isto, os social media têm sido um dos meios de comunicação baseados na internet mais desenvolvidos, utilizados e valorizados pelos consumidores. Perante esta situação, foi necessária uma adaptação por parte das organizações e marcas a esta nova realidade e a novas formas de comunicar com as suas audiências. Dada a facilidade com que os conteúdos online são agora produzidos e divulgados, a reputação das organizações encontra-se mais exposta que nunca, sendo essencial adotar uma nova estratégia para acompanhar e interagir com os consumidores atuais e potenciais. Deste modo, o tema da presente investigação prende-se com a influência dos social media sobre as perceções sobre a reputação corporativa das marcas, no setor da cosmética. Mais concretamente, o presente estudo foca a marca Nivea devido à sua posição de liderança em muitas categorias deste setor, bem como ao seu historial de mais de 100 anos de existência. A investigação procura averiguar se a presença desta marca nos social media (em especial no Instagram) afeta as perceções que os consumidores têm relativamente sobre a sua reputação corporativa. Assim, o tema abordado tem como principais objetivos caracterizar a presença da marca Nivea Portugal no Instagram e determinar se essa presença tem o poder de impactar as perceções dos consumidores acerca da reputação corporativa da mesma e em que moldes isso acontece. Neste âmbito, foi delineada uma metodologia que envolveu uma entrevista a um profissional da empresa que detém a marca – a Beiersdorf -, responsável por gerir as redes sociais, seguida de um inquérito por questionário a consumidores Nivea e utilizadores do Instagram. Perante o estudo realizado foi possível verificar que os dados confirmaram as premissas e hipóteses iniciais e, embora a amostra utilizada não possa ser considerada representativa do universo, nem os resultados possam ser generalizados, as conclusões lançam as bases para futuras investigações.
- O financiamento através de Initial Coin Offerings : desafios jurídicosPublication . Duarte, Simão Filipe Cipriano; Oliveira, Ana da Paz Ferreira da Câmara Perestrelo de
- PusillimonasPublication . Durán-Viseras, Ana; Manaia, Célia M.; Vaz-Moreira, Ivone; Nunes, Olga C.Pusillimonas (Pu.sil.li.mo'nas. L. masc. adj. pusillus very small/minute; Gr. fem. n. monas unit/monad; N.L. fem. n. Pusillimonas very small monad/unicell, referring to the small size of cells and colonies of the type species). Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Alcaligenaceae / Pusillimonas. Rods, Gram-stain-negative, and nonmotile or motile by polar or lateral flagella. Strictly aerobic. The optimal growth temperature range is 30–37°C. Catalase and cytochrome c oxidase tests are positive in most species. The major respiratory quinone is ubiquinone Q-8. The cellular fatty acid composition is characterized by the predominance of C16:0. The other most abundant fatty acids (C17:0 cyclo, C19:0 cyclo ω8c, and C18:0) vary among species. The polar lipids composition comprises phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylethanolamine as well as some unidentified amino- and phospholipids. Phylogenetically, belongs to the family Alcaligenaceae. DNA G + C content (mol%): 53.1–63.3 (Tm/HPLC) and 53.4–63.1 (WGS). Type species: Pusillimonas noertemannii Stolz et al. 2005VP.
- ParacandidimonasPublication . Nunes, Olga C.; Manaia, Célia M.; Vaz-Moreira, IvoneParacandidimonas (Pa.ra.can.di.di.mo'nas. Gr. prep. para like; N.L. fem. n. Candidimonas bacterial genus name; N.L. fem. n. Paracandidimonas a bacterium like Candidimonas). Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Alcaligenaceae / Paracandidimonas. Rods, non-spore-forming, and Gram-staining-negative. Aerobic or facultatively aerobic chemoorganotrophic metabolism. Motility and the presence of cytochrome c oxidase test are variable traits. Mesophilic with optimal growth at 20–25°C or 30°C. The major respiratory quinone is ubiquinone 8, and the DNA G + C content is 56.8–63.9 mol%. Putrescine and 2-hydroxyputrescine are the major polyamines. Polar lipids and fatty acids composition is variable among species. Phylogenetically, belongs to the family Alcaligenaceae. The genus includes two species, the type species Paracandidimonas soli and Paracandidimonas caeni. DNA G + C content (mol%): 63.9 (fluorimetric thermal denaturation); 56.8–62.5 (whole-genome sequencing). Type species: Paracandidimonas soli Kämpfer et al. 2017VP
- ParapusillimonasPublication . Durán-Viseras, Ana; Manaia, Célia M.; Vaz-Moreira, Ivone; Nunes, Olga C.Parapusillimonas (Pa.ra.pu.sil.li.mo'nas. Gr. prep. para like; N.L. fem. n. Pusillimonas bacterial genus name; N.L. fem. n. Parapusillimonas a bacterium like Pusillimonas). Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Alcaligenaceae / Parapusillimonas. Gram-staining-negative motile short rods, with three flagella. Facultatively anaerobic. Catalase- and cytochrome c oxidase-positive. Chemoorganotrophic. Sugar, alcohols, organic acids, and amino acids can be used as single carbon sources. Ubiquinone 8 is the major respiratory quinone, and the predominant fatty acids are C16:0, summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c/C15:0 iso 2-OH), C17:0 cyclo, and summed feature 5 (C18:1 ω7c/ω9t/ω12t). The major polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and diphosphatidylglycerol. Putrescine is the major polyamine.DNA G + C content (mol%): 67.9 (HPLC) and 64.6 (genome). Type species: Parapusillimonas granuli Kim et al. 2010VP.