Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2021-12-30"
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- Editorial: v13 n3Publication . Ribas, Daniel; Coutinho, Maria; Natálio, Carlos; Amorim, João PedroThe final issue of 2021 is especially devoted to Art Criticism: a thematic dossier, guest-edited by Nuno Crespo, Luiz Camillo Osorio, and Sabeth Buchmann, with the title “Is There A Place (Still) For Criticism?”.
- Os pais no conselho geral das escolas: entre a retórica da ação estratégica e a subordinação múltiplaPublication . Alves, José Matias; Palmeirão, Cristina; Cabral, Ilídia; Cunha, Rosário SerrãoComo é que os pais percecionam o papel do Conselho Geral das Escolas (CGE), que valor lhe atribuem enquanto órgão de direção estratégica, como se inscrevem na ação que aí desenvolvem, são as questões às quais quisemos responder. Para tal, através da Confederação Nacional das Associações de Pais (CONFAP), enviamos um inquérito por questionário destinado aos pais que exerciam funções nesse órgão, constituído por 28 itens, posteriormente categorizados em seis dimensões: participação, deliberação, focalização, divulgação, relevância e relação entre pais e diretor. O questionário foi administrado on-line, entre 18 de dezembro de 2017 e 26 de janeiro de 2018 e recolhidas 213 respostas válidas. Os resultados foram tratados com recurso a estatística descritiva e inferencial, apurando-se a frequência, a média, desvio-padrão e análise de relações entre variáveis dependentes e independentes. Como principais conclusões retêm-se as que se relacionam com uma expressiva dispersão de resultados evidenciando uma visão heterogénea sobre as funções e relevância estratégica do CGE, o reconhecimento do condicionamento dos poderes externos (sediados no Ministério da Educação) e internos adstritos ao poder cognoscitivo dos professores e do diretor, uma sobrevalorização simbólica do órgão que não corresponderá à ação concreta, e uma visão restrita de comunidade educativa onde não cabem a autarquia e os alunos.
- The nurses’ role in supporting patients’ spirituality in a secular agePublication . Connolly, Michael; Dobrowolska, Beata; Caldeira, Sílvia; Whelan, Jacqueline; Neenan, Kathleen; McSherry, Wilfred; Ross, Linda; Timmins, Fiona
- “Regional blocks of ABS”: how the blockchain technology could enable a regional solution to transboundary situationsPublication . Uhdre, Dayana de Carvalho; Gruber, GiovannaThe evolution of consumption habits, in search of more natural products, increasingly requires the use of genetic resources to satisfy the demands of society. Considering that many of these resources come from transboundary species and that access to them and their use in research and technological development is primarily regulated by international ABS regimes, the article exposes some of the limits of international standards, especially the Nagoya Protocol, when dealing with these situations in particular, identifying the intention in the elaboration of the regimes. Based on this analysis, a regional solution is proposed, allied to the existing trend towards the elaboration of norms at this level of governance, in order to ensure the effectiveness of the regimes. To implement this solution, the use of blockchain technology is suggested to create distributed platforms that can serve different countries, traditional peoples and users involved in activities with genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge. The technology allows for greater transparency, traceability and decentralization of data, in addition to allowing automation and cost reduction of several operations, among other attributes, although it is not free of limits, challenges and criticisms.
- The Invisible FamilyPublication . Dias, FranciscoShoplifters is a 2018 feature film directed by Hirokazu Kore-eda. It is about a family with no blood ties living in a low-class neighbourhood in Tokyo who find a girl locked at a balcony in the cold day after day. Understanding that she is being mistreated by her parents, the Shibata family decide to take Yuri in. The audiovisual essay The Invisible Family analyses Shoplifters according to three key concepts of melodrama: House, family and society. Each one of them, introduced by a quotation, is composed of three diptychs with scenes from the film. The small and cluttered houses in Shoplifters constrict the characters and render their inner selves visible. As the Shibata fall apart throughout the film, their care and respect for each other grow deeper. Shoplifting and using others are unacceptable in society. However, these are carried out by the Shibata, because their income is not enough to provide for the family. It is, thus, urgent to improve work regulations, to provide more and better employment opportunities and to support families. All in all, the conflict emerges within the family, gathered in a house which suffocates them and pressured by a society which not only imposes rigid norms of respectability but also makes the weakest invisible.
- La fraternidad y sus debilidadesPublication . Duque, João ManuelThe discourse on fraternity, in the different fields of its application from politics to religion, often uses the notion as if it had a clear and univocal meaning. However, it is a category loaded with different, even problematic, meanings. The article starts with a brief critique of the abstract and very generic use of this category, and focuses on the analysis of a significant number of problems of the concrete fraternal relationship. From this recourse, a notion of fraternity that is both open and concrete, which finds the brother (sister) in every vulnerable human being, is gained. A pedagogy of the fraternal relationship as a relationship open to every human being, in the concrete reality of face to face, is a pedagogy on the way to a true universal fraternity, beyond abstract or uniform globalism, and beyond closed tribalism.
- Contemporary phantasmagoriasPublication . Rocha, AináThe following essay intends an approach that comprises a combination of aesthetics, history and philosophy to reproduce the perception of certain elements of image contradictions in contemporary times. It discusses the concepts of phantasmagoria and apparition regarding technical and memory images and will be presented contemporary examples that contribute to the understanding of those types of images as irrefutable components in the fields of current ontology and epistemology.
- Experimenting post-colonial film landscapes: a conversation with Ana VazPublication . Novaes, Bárbara BergamaschiThe artist and experimental filmmaker Ana Vaz shares in this interview a critical overview of her body of work. From the initial elements that would structure her artistic practice up to the connection between cinema and the colonizing modernity, the artist describes how the moving image can participate in this discussion, challenging established forms of representation. Inspired by the pedagogic contributions of Paulo Freire and Jacques Rancière, Ana Vaz assumes the importance of undisciplinarity in her work – the challenging of the borders of traditional disciplines – and a “walk and listen” methodology.
- Introduction: “Is There a Place (Still) For Criticism?”Publication . Osorio, Luiz Camillo; Crespo, Nuno; Buchmann, SabethThe texts presented in this special issue of the JSTA have two ambitions. On the one hand, they try to retake the problem of art criticism in a digital age that significantly transformed the means of exhibition and experimentation of works of art. Together they are an introduction to the task of criticism today, taking into account its genealogy in German theoretical romanticism and its new repertoires in post-colonial theory and infra-structural critique. On the other hand, they aim in recovering the discussion of criticism and the need for its inclusion in contemporary art discussions.
- Prototype effects behind French loans in middle English: a cognitive account of lexical borrowingPublication . Mevis, AliceIt is a well-established fact that the Norman Conquest profoundly transformed the English society and had a significant impact on the course of evolution of its language. As a result of the peculiar situation of English, French and Latin trilingualism in medieval England, Middle English displayed a reorientation of its strategies for word creation, by increasingly relying on lexical borrowing. The presence of Romance-derived loanwords thus introduced some degree of onomasiological variation into the language, so that the coexistence of native and foreign lexical resources would eventually become a recurring feature of Middle English. Within this well-researched area, the prototype aim of this paper is to explore the contribution of Cognitive Semantics, and more specifically of prototype theory, to French lexical borrowing, and to investigate the many ways in which may help account for the integration of loanwords into the English lexicon – or conversely, for the retention of native vocabulary. First of all, the substitution of cultural models made for rather swift changes into the lexicon, as loanwords were introduced to better reflect the new cultural prototypes. Prototypicality can also work both within lexical categories at the prototypicality intensional level, as a differentiating factor between near-synonyms, and across categories at the extensional level, in the restructuration of category members around an onomasiologically salient concept. The objective of this paper is thus to show how prototypicality comes into play at various levels in processes of semantic change, and how prototype theory can therefore be deemed a relevant framework for the analysis of loanwords.