Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2021-08-12"
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- La teoría de la comparación social como promotora de las conductas de salud: una aproximación teóricaPublication . Castillo, Jose A. García del; García-Castillo, Fernando; Dias, Paulo C.; Castillo-López, Álvaro García delLa salud es uno de los principales activos para las personas en relación con el estado de bienestar y la calidad de vida. Desde la Psicología de la Salud se han desarrollado teorías y modelos eficaces para amortiguar los factores de riesgo de salud y potenciar la conducta de salud. Las acciones de control de las enfermedades no transmisibles pasan necesariamente por medidas preventivas. Es imprescindible actuar de forma rápida y eficaz para que las consecuencias de mortalidad se minimicen al máximo y para ello es necesario poner en marcha programas de educación para la salud e intervenciones psicosociales que potencien las conductas de salud. Se propone un postulado teórico desde la teoría de la comparación social para el aprendizaje y/o la modificación de conductas de salud y estilos de vida sanos. Entre las dimensiones de la comparación social revisadas, podemos destacar aquellas que parten de las motivaciones de auto mejora como contraste descendente y el deseo de superación como identificación ascendente para explicar teóricamente la promoción de conductas de salud.
- Legumes as a cornerstone of the transition toward more sustainable agri-food systems and diets in EuropePublication . Ferreira, Helena; Pinto, Elisabete; Vasconcelos, Marta W.Legume grains are important sources of nutrients in human and animal diets and have been so for millennia. Their history as part of traditional diets dates to the origins of agriculture when their benefits for soil health and agricultural productivity started to be realized, mostly empirically, by farmers. In time, legumes have lost their popularity as human food, either because of a negative connotation as “poor man's meat,” occasional gastrointestinal side effects, or habitually longer preparation times when compared to other types of plant foods. Also, the steep rise in the consumption of meat derived foods in the last half of a century has taken a toll on replacing legumes as a major protein source. Alongside this negative trend in consumption, a negative drift in production was also observed, especially in Europe, where legumes currently occupy a minimal fraction of agricultural land. One of the main factors is a loss in competitive edge amongst farmers due to sustained lower public and private investments in breeding programs and legume adapted technology for planting, managing, harvesting, processing, and storing, when compared to cereals. Recently, increased awareness of the need to move to sustainable food systems is revitalizing legume production and consumption in Europe, leading to a compilation of policies and initiatives that aim to put legumes again as foundations for this transition. Legumes have been reinvented in a multitude of products (drinks, cereal bars, bread, meat replacers, snacks, flours, and several others) and included in farming systems of conservation agriculture, organic production, intercropping, and crop rotation, combining ancient traditions of legume production “with a spin,” incorporating new legume technological knowledge in farming systems. However, the transition has been slow and hampered by many cultural, societal, political, and economic impediments. This paper summarizes initiatives that aim to enable the comeback of legumes and their placement in a more prominent position in human diets and agricultural fields and highlights strategies that aim at overcoming the obstacles that impede achieving the development of more sustainable agri-food systems and sustainable diets in Europe.
- A new model for location-allocation problem based on sectorizationPublication . Teymourifar, Aydin; Rodrigues, Ana Maria; Ferreira, José SoeiroMany models have been proposed for the location-allocation problem. In this study, based on sectorization concept, we propose a new single-objective model of this problem, in which, there is a set of customers to be assigned to distribution centres (DCs). In sectorization problems there are two important criteria as compactness and equilibrium, which can be defined as constraints as well as objective functions. In this study, the objective function is defined based on the equilibrium of distances in sectors. The concept of compactness is closely related to the accessibility of customers from DCs. As a new approach, instead of compactness, we define the accessibility of customers from DCs based on the covering radius concept. The interpretation of this definition in real life is explained. As another contribution, in the model, a method is used for the selection of DCs, and a comparison is made with another method from the literature, then the advantages of each are discussed. We generate benchmarks for the problem and we solve it with a solver available in Python’s Pulp library. Implemented codes are presented in brief.