Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2021-05-04"
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- Social jetlag, a novel predictor for high cardiovascular risk in blue-collar workers following permanent atypical work schedulesPublication . Madeira, Sara Gamboa; Reis, Cátia; Paiva, Teresa; Moreira, Carlos Santos; Nogueira, Paulo; Roenneberg, TillCardiovascular diseases cause >4 million deaths each year in Europe alone. Preventive approaches that do not only consider individual risk factors but their interaction, such as the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), are recommended by European guidelines. Increased cardiovascular risk is associated with shift-work, surely interacting with the concurrent conditions: disruption of sleep, unhealthy behaviours, and circadian misalignment. Social jetlag (SJL) has been proposed as a way to quantify circadian misalignment. We therefore investigated the association between SJL and cardiovascular health in a cross-sectional observational study involving blue-collar workers, who either worked permanent morning, evening, or night shifts. Sociodemographic, health and productivity data were collected through questionnaires. Blood pressure and cholesterol were measured and the cardiovascular risk was estimated according to the relative risk SCORE chart. Bivariate analysis was performed according to the cardiovascular risk and the relationship between SJL and high cardiovascular risk was analysed through logistic regression. Cumulative models were performed, adjusted for various confounding factors. After 49 exclusions, the final sample comprised 301 workers (56% males; aged <40 years, 73%). Mean standard deviation (SD) SJL was 1:57 (1:38) hr (59.4% ≤2 hr). Cardiovascular risk was high in 20% of the sample. Multivariate analysis revealed SJL to be an independent risk factor for high cardiovascular risk. Each additional hour of SJL increased this risk by >30% (odds ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.68). This is the first study indicating that SJL potentially increases cardiovascular risk, and suggests that sleep and individual circadian qualities are critical in preventing negative health impacts of shift-work.
- Projetos de Escola e Inclusão : uma reflexão sobre o contributo dos projetos de escola para a inclusãoPublication . Pereira, Ana Cristina da Mota; Estêvão, Carlos Alberto VilarO presente relatório de atividade profissional, realizado no âmbito do Mestrado em Ciências da Educação- Administração e Organização Escolar, tem por finalidade refletir sobre o impacto dos projetos dinamizados pelas escolas na criação de uma escola identitária, inclusiva e promotora da equidade educativa. Após uma breve alusão a dois modelos organizacionais (modelo burocrático racional e modelo comunitário/colegial) pretende-se abordar a forma como a democratização do ensino, tendo por base a Lei de Bases do Sistema Educativo, influiu na construção de uma escola de massas. Neste sentido, referir-nos-emos à universalização do ensino, no pressuposto de garantir igualdade de acesso à educação a todas as crianças e jovens e consequentemente na sua integração na escola; à evolução da educação especial (que permite às crianças e jovens portadores de deficiência e necessidades educativas especiais desenvolver as suas capacidades e adquirir novas competências, em condições adequadas à sua realidade, conferindo-lhes igualdade de oportunidades no acesso à educação) até à atual educação inclusiva; à justiça e direitos humanos da educação; e ao papel das escola como promotoras da inclusão e equidade educativas. Por fim, apresentamos dois projetos de escola com os quais se pretende demonstrar o impacto que o dinamismo das organizações educativas tem na construção de um modelo de escola inclusiva, identitária e geradora de mais e melhor sucesso educativo.
- Implementation of no checkout technologies in fast fashion : a portuguese studyPublication . Rilhó, Mafalda Monteiro; Rajsingh, PeterDigital transformation and the development of new technologies are reshaping retail including Fast Fashion. Customer demands are changing and, in an era where online sales are on the rise, traditional stores need to adapt. No checkout technologies are presented as a way for physical stores to innovate. They are mainly applied in the grocery retail segment, as exemplified by Amazon Go stores, which offer a cashier-less and autonomous shopping experience based on advanced technologies. In Portugal, a distinct and less technology-enabled no checkout model is being implemented by Pingo Doce & Go, which served as a base for this study. Driven by the potential of these technologies and its impact on the customer experience, this dissertation aims to study the applicability of no checkout technologies in a different sector – Fast Fashion – with a focus on Portugal. The results presented needed some adjustments to the Pingo Doce & Go model, such as a hybrid model with open entrances, and a robust security solution for removal of alarm tags. The most significant positive impact factors are the “in-store experience” and “customer satisfaction”, and the main barriers identified by customers related to discomfort with the technology and payment systems. According to experts, the additional main driver is optimization of store employee functions and the main concerns relate to security and costs. Overall, both customers and experts consider no checkout to be a positive phenomenon that is feasible to implement and inevitable in the future.
- O impacto do digital para o desenvolvimento de um negócio : caso de estudo : KICKSPublication . Rodrigues, Leonor de Oliveira; Simão, EmíliaO avanço tecnológico obrigou a que o tecido empresarial se reinventasse e se adaptasse a novas ferramentas e formas de gestão. Os consumidores revelam-se mais críticos, esclarecidos e exigentes com as marcas (que também elas se multiplicam e se tornam difíceis de quantificar) que anseiam por notoriedade e reconhecimento. O fluxo de informação intensificou-se e os aparelhos eletrónicos tornaram-se imprescindíveis para as pessoas e multiplicam-se as formas de comunicar com os públicos-alvo e o Marketing torna-se num dos pilares estratégicos para as empresas. Através do presente estudo, pretende-se avaliar a influência do mundo digital na estratégia da empresa KICKS e o impacto do Departamento de Marketing em plena Era Digital.
- Nearshoring the automotive supply chain : an analysis of Serbia as a hub for automotive part productionPublication . Mojovic, Aleksa; Rajsingh, PeterThe automotive industry has continuously evolved from its inception. Currently the industry is comprised of complex supply chains spanning the globe. Disruptions to these supply chains can cause issues for automotive manufacturers leaving them with a shortage of parts. Auto part suppliers are now looking to nearshore their production to emerging markets in Europe. Serbia has a rich history of automotive production, however harsh sanctions placed by the United Nations during the early 90’s saw the industry all but vanish. In the past decade, the automotive industry has re-emerged due to large amounts of foreign direct investment. Now Serbia is positioned as a potential hub for automotive part production in Europe due to having some of the lowest wages in Europe coupled with a large unemployed population. This study analyses the opinions of industry professionals working within the country to form a comprehensive analysis on the risks and benefits of doing business in Serbia. It also considers the most beneficial auto part to produce in the country. Opinions and data show that Serbia’s current political climate point towards a “Business Friendly” atmosphere for foreign investors. There is no limitation on the type of auto parts that can be produced in the country, however, parts with a low-skill level to produce and a high labour intensity (LSHI) tend to hold the smallest risk to achieve profitable production when deciding to operate in the country.
- Digital transformation in german agriculture enabled by 5G & Big DataPublication . Busch, Julian Nikolaus; Rajsingh, PeterMegatrends, such as rising population and the associated increased demand for food, as well as limited resources, result in a higher need for a more efficient agriculture. Nowadays, agri-culture is moving into the Digital Age. Information technology and electronics are increasingly shaping agricultural practices. Digital applications help in many areas, for example fertilisa-tion, crop protection and, also, animal husbandry. Agricultural machinery is equipped with intelligent technologies for precision farming. Automated work processes have arrived in the field and on the farm. Nevertheless, the digital transformation in agriculture is far from com-plete. Over the next decade, 5G network as well as Big Data will play a critical role in further driving digital transformation in German agriculture, enabling higher agricultural efficiency. These two digital phenomena will allow farmers to be more productive and informed in real-time about their plants and animals. This thesis examines how agriculture is taking advantage of digital technologies and highlights the main use cases of 5G and Big Data in arable and livestock farming. The thesis also exam-ines the extent to which the fifth generation of mobile networks and Big Data will enhance German agriculture and discusses benefits along with potential bottlenecks associated with these digital enablers.