Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2021-05-01"
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- "Eu já era outra": o caderno e as metamorfoses da viagemPublication . Vieira, Inês EspadaO presente trabalho propõe olhar para os cadernos pessoais de registo de observação diária, maioritariamente desenhados, como testemunhos do quotidiano, entendido como viagem. Registo, repositório, listagem, o caderno gráfico não é, porém, uma entidade estática, espécie de armazém da viagem. Ele é, principalmente, trânsito, dinamismo, articulação de linguagens. Visto como uma proposta atrativa, urbana e moderna de guia de viagem, para lá do elenco de lugares e horários, o diário gráfico propõe ao leitor-observador, uma dupla metamorfose: aquela produzida em quem desenhou e escreveu, e aquela que pode ser experienciada por nós enquanto leitores.
- Permeability coefficients and vapor pressure determination for fragrance materialsPublication . Almeida, Rafael N.; Hartz, João G. M.; Costa, Patrícia F.; Rodrigues, Alírio E.; Vargas, Rubem M. F.; Cassel, EduardoObjective This study aims to correlate new experimental data relevant to the description of the combined evaporation/permeation process of a perfume applied onto the skin. Methods The vapor pressure data was measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TG‐DTA). The Antoine constants and the Clarke & Glew parameters were determined for the same set of fragrance molecules to describe its low vapor pressures at new temperature ranges. The permeability coefficient of a set of 14 fragrance molecules in ethanolic solution was determined by Franz diffusion cell experiments, using porcine skin. The samples were analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC/FID) and high‐performance liquid chromatography with UV visible detector (HPLC/UV). A QSAR model was proposed to correlate the experimental data. Results The Antoine constants were determined and presented low standard deviations. The Clarke & Glew physically significant parameters were obtained along with its statistical analysis. The fitting is good since the magnitude order is in accordance with the literature, associated with the low correlation between the estimated parameters and low standard deviations. The presented correlation, based on a mixture using only ethanol as solvent, showed better results than previous QSAR models with a standard relative deviation (σr) of 0.190, a standard error (SE) of 0.397, and a determination coefficient (R2) of 0.7786. Conclusion The dataset is still small compared to larger and more general QSAR models; however, it is much more specific as to the type of solvent and class of materials studied. This work represents an advance for the modeling of the perfume diffusion process since it specifies important properties that until then had been treated in a more general way.
- Editorial notePublication . Sequeira, Elsa Vaz de; Rouxinol, Milena
- A intervenção humor em enfermagem: uma revisão de escopoPublication . Silva, Paulo César Lopes; Sousa, Luis Manuel Mota; Marques-Vieira, Cristina Maria Alves; José, Helena Maria GuerreiroObjetivo: Identificar a produção científica, nos últimos 3 anos, sobre o uso do humor nos cuidados de enfermagem prestados a pessoas adultas. Método: Revisão escopo segundo a metodologia de Arksey e O’Mally. Foram pesquisados artigos publicados entre 2018 e 2021, nas plataformas EBSCO Host, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Google Académico. Resultados: Foram identificados 124 artigos e incluídos 11 destes. Foi encontrada informação sobre o humor e a relação entre o paciente e enfermeiro; a viabilidade e usabilidade do humor como intervenção; os benefícios do humor na saúde dos pacientes; os benefícios do humor na saúde dos enfermeiros; os fatores que influenciam o humor; as precauções na utilização do humor; as implicações para a prática e educação em enfermagem. Conclusão: O humor apresenta um carácter pessoal e paradoxal. O enfermeiro deve ter em consideração os fatores associados e os que o influenciam, nas diversas etapas do processo de enfermagem. É uma intervenção terapêutica de baixa intensidade que deve ser usada com precaução.
- Assessment of good practices in community-based interventions for physical activity promotion: development of a user-friendly toolPublication . Franco, Sofia; Godinho, Cristina; Silva, Catarina Santos; Avelar-Rosa, Bruno; Santos, Rute; Mendes, Romeu; Silva, Marlene NunesTools to identify good practices in the design, implementation, and evaluation of physical activity community-based interventions (PACIs) are key to address the physical inactivity pandemic. Existing tools tend to be extensive and with limited applicability to assess small-scale PACIs. This work aimed to report the development and preliminary validity results of a simple, practical, and user-friendly tool to evaluate PACIs in local/municipal contexts. Eighty-six good practice characteristics defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Joint Action Framework on Chronic Diseases (CHRODIS), and an umbrella review of good practice characteristics of diet and physical activity interventions were initially extracted and refined in four rounds of revision from an expert panel using a Delphi-type methodology and rated on their relative importance. A pilot application was conducted, and data on the tool usability and applicability were collected through three semi-structured interviews with specialists and coordinators of local/municipal PACIs. For preliminary validation, the refined tool was applied to five community-based programs mostly aimed at an elderly population. The final tool included thirty-four selected characteristics, with a brief explanation and practical examples for each, under three main sections: design, evaluation, and implementation. Each characteristic has a rating (i.e., somewhat important, highly important, mandatory) and a percentage weight. Preliminary validation of this tool pointed to an adequate evaluation of good practice characteristics of municipal PACIs in a reliable, practical, and user-friendly way. Given its adequacy, this tool can support the definition of quality standards for PACIs, encouraging their dissemination and adoption at a regional or national level.
- Salmonella in eggs: from shopping to consumption — a review providing an evidence-based analysis of risk factorsPublication . Cardoso, Maria João; Nicolau, Anca Ioana; Borda, Daniela; Nielsen, Line; Maia, Rui Leandro; Møretrø, Trond; Ferreira, Vânia; Knøchel, Susanne; Langsrud, Solveig; Teixeira, PaulaNontyphoidal salmonellae are among the most prevalent foodborne pathogens causing gastrointestinal infections worldwide. A high number of cases and outbreaks of salmonellosis are associated with the consumption of eggs and egg products, and several of these occur at the household level. The aim of the current study is to critically evaluate the current status of knowledge on Salmonella in eggs from a consumer's perspective, analyzing the hazard occurrence and the good practices that should be applied to reduce salmonellosis risk. Following a HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) based approach, some steps along the food journey were identified as Critical Consumer Handling (CCH)—steps in which consumers, through their behavior or choice, can significantly reduce the level of Salmonella in eggs and egg products. From shopping/collecting to consumption, each of these steps is discussed in this review to provide an evidence-based overview of risk factors of human salmonellosis related to egg consumption. The main message to consumers is to choose Salmonella-free eggs (those that some official entity or producer guarantees that does not contain Salmonella), when available, especially for dishes that are not fully heat treated. Second, as guaranteed Salmonella-free eggs are only available in a few countries, refrigerated storage from the point of collection and proper cooking will significantly reduce the risk of salmonellosis. This will require a revision of the actual recommendations/regulations, as not all ensure that eggs are maintained at temperatures that prevent growth of Salmonella from collection until the time of purchasing.
- Supporting sustainability by promoting online purchase through enhancement of online conveniencePublication . Saha, Swapan Kumar; Duarte, Paulo; Silva, Susana C.; Zhuang, GuijunOnline purchases can support environmental sustainability by reducing the number of shopping trips. The purpose of this article is to understand how online convenience may be used to increase online purchase intention and therefore contribute to environmental sustainability. Employing a snowball sampling technique data from 226 Chinese respondents were used with Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to test the research hypotheses. Findings suggest that customers with experience have a strong effect on the relationship between service convenience and customer satisfaction. It is also found that satisfied customers desired to stay longer and are willing to pay more. From a theoretical point of view, this study fills several gapes by extending previous work that investigates the impact of online convenience on customer satisfaction and behavioral intention by revealing the novelty impact on the willingness to pay and desire to stay. From a managerial standpoint, the findings help managers considering doing businesses or planning to do businesses in China and for companies committed to reducing their carbon footprint in understanding how they can use online convenience to stimulate online purchases among their clients and consequently becoming more environmentally friendly and socially responsible.
- Mikhail Gorbachev, the human factor, and the implosion of the Soviet UnionPublication . Nunes, Carla Daniela Pereira
- Transnational terrorism: a threat to global securityPublication . Calléja, LucieThe beginning of the twenty-first century is characterised by the emergence of a new political landscape significantly influenced by globalisation. The rising interconnectivity that results from this phenomenon implies the need to redefine the concepts of international politics, strategies, threats, and security. In parallel, new technologies have enabled transnational threats to develop and come up as a primary concern for the great powers and global governance. Based on the analysis of previous works and relevant studies on the field (Brown, 2017; Bannelier-Christakis, 2016; Jones, Pascual, & Stedman, 2009; Garcia, 2006), this essay explores the emergence of transnational terrorism and the expansion of religious extremism as major threats for states and individuals nowadays. While searching to answer the question of how to address terrorism and violent extremism, this article analyses diverse positions, measures, and consequences that have originated in a context of global insecurity. The increasing interdependency between internal and external security has called states to develop new strategies to maintain stability and order. The article emphasises the need to build partnerships and enhance collaboration at all levels to meet the challenges posed by transnational terrorism. In this context of growing insecurity, nations are urged to cooperate with different actors to protect their sovereignty and strengthen human security. Is the contemporary political landscape characterised by insecurity and disorder?