Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-04-23"
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- Tabla DK eLearning: optimización de la práctica docente en un ambiente onlinePublication . Nobre, Ana María Ferreira; Barros, Daniela Melaré Vieira; Mora, António Chenoll; Burgués, Ana SetiénThe present work results from the study carried out in the scope of the pedagogical practice in higher education in e-learning. We observe a qualitative and necessary improvement of online and e-learning teaching practices in their pedagogical models, the general theoretical panorama in education emphasizes the need to reinforce and improve the didactic structures of online teaching, but there is a shortage of didactic transposition instruments for this to occur. In this scenario and with the objective of contributing to fill this gap, we propose through pedagogical and technological didactic elements in online and e-learning contexts, an observation grid based on the model, DK eLearning-TPCK of Amador et al. (2016). The methodological procedures were supported by bibliographic references, reflections and discussions that accompanied the various phases of the study in the creation and validation of grids. We present an example applied in the area of Spanish language and culture and propose a theoretical framework to support development and its results.
- A study of cross-contamination events of campylobacter spp. in domestic kitchens associated with consumer handling practices of raw poultryPublication . Cardoso, Maria João Marinho Dias; Teixeira, Paula Cristina Maia; Ferreira, Vânia Alexandra BorgesCampylobacteriosis is the most reported zoonosis in the European Union since 2005 and the most common cause of bacterial foodborne diarrhoeal disease worldwide. In 2017, 596 cases of human campylobacteriosis were reported in Portugal. Campylobacter jejuni is the main species infecting humans, but the observed prevalence of C. coli in Portugal is higher than that reported for other western countries. It has been recognized that contaminated chicken is the major vehicle for consumer’s exposure to Campylobacter. This work was developed in the scope of SafeConsume project and its main objective was to evaluate possible cross-contamination events that can contribute to the spread of Campylobacter spp. in domestic kitchen environments during food preparation. Thus, 18 households were visited in October 2017 and the period between February and April 2018 to observe consumers preparing a recipe that included poultry and a raw vegetable salad. Poultry samples and swabs from domestic kitchen surfaces and utensils were collected before and after food preparation. Samples were also taken from tap handle, cabinet, drawer and refrigerator handles and the counter top surface. Other surfaces were sampled depending on observed behaviours during the individual food preparation sessions, such as: kitchen cloth, hand towel, sponge, cutting boards and the sink. Detection and enumeration of Campylobacter were performed according to the methods recommended by the International Organization for Standardization and species confirmation was performed by a multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction assay. Pheno- and genotypic characterization of 72 Campylobacter spp. isolates was carried out through antimicrobial susceptibility, Pulse-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and flaA-short variable region (SVR) sequencing. Of the 18 chicken samples analysed, 14 were Campylobacter-positive at least by one of the methods applied (occurrence of 77.8%). The microbial load ranged from < 1.0 x 101 to 2.2 x 103 Colony Forming Units/g, with only one sample showing a contamination level above 103 CFU/g, the established limit present in Regulation (EC) No 2017/1495. Cross-contamination events were observed in four kitchens, between the chicken meat and two cutting boards, two sinks and one kitchen cloth. Both C. jejuni and C. coli were recovered from these surfaces/utensils. Very high levels of resistance to ciprofloxacin (100%) and tetracycline (94.4%) were observed. High resistance to erythromycin was also observed in this study (40.3%), differing from values reported by EFSA in 2016. Campylobacter coli isolates showed higher resistance to all antimicrobial agents tested than C. jejuni. Additionally, multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 63.9% of the isolates, of which 75.6% were C. coli. PFGE typing showed a high diversity among isolates, as well as flaA-SVR typing (29 pulsotypes, 16 flaA alleles and 8 flaA peptide identities). These results highlight the potential for the dissemination of resistant Campylobacter strains in the environment through the preparation of chicken meat and the need to educate the consumer for an appropriate handling of raw poultry meat products.