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- A synthesis of Portuguese studies regarding infertile patientsPublication . Romeiro, Joana; Caldeira, Sílvia
- Prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia - evidence in oral carePublication . Sousa, Ana; Ferrito, CândidaBackground: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most important noso- comial infection in intensive care units (ICUs), with an estimated inci- dence rate of 50% and the major cause of mortality and morbidity in ICUs [1,2]. Inadequate oral care develops an important role in this setting allowing various organisms to flourish in oral cavity and cause infections [1]. Many VAP prevention guidelines include oral care, but they don’t specify its demandings. Objective: The aim of this study is to describe evidence-based VAP prevention oral care in ICU, in terms of products, frequency and technique. Methods Integrative review. Research was conducted on B-on, PUBMED, and RCAAP between 24 and 28 December 2015, including guide- lines and original articles from the last 5 years. We found 256 documents and after analysing their abstract and methodological quality, nine documents were selected. Data were compiled in a chart in terms of grade of evidence, acceptance and applicability. Results: We found inconsistent results regarding the use of an antiseptic solution in oral care, though there were meta-analysis which indi- cated the benefit of chlorhexidine mostly in cardio-thoracic surgi- cal patients [2-4]. We also found evidence that tooth brushing reduces oral bacterial colonization and may reduce VAP when used with chlorhexidine [5,6]. There is no consensus regarding the adequate concentration of chlorhexidine. Some studies, thought, find an association with the use of chlorhexidine 2% and the incidence of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [7]. Because of this potential risk, we do not recommend the use of this type of concentration, as more randomized controlled trials are needed. We found evidence in VAP prevention oral care compris- ing suctioning, tooth and gums wash and rising with 15 mL chlorhexidine 0.12%. This procedure should be performed at least 2 times a day. Secretions removal and moisturization should occur between 2 to 4 times a day [1-9]. Conclusions: This review allowed us to describe the adequate oral care in ICUs in order to potentially reduce VAP. As limitation of this study, we can find the lack of high grade of evidence concerning most recommen- dations. More randomized controlled trials are needed to support the impact of each intervention separately.
- Educação e tecnologias digitais : a gestão escolar que alia a estratégia da gamificação ao processo de ensino-aprendizagemPublication . Rodrigues, Larissa Berredo; Estevão, Carlos Alberto VilarO presente trabalho sob o tema “Educação e Tecnologias Digitais – A gestão escolar que alia a estratégia da gamificação ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem” aborda a importância dos usos de aplicações digitais no contexto escolar como forma de estimular a colaboração espontânea dos alunos aos conteúdos disciplinares. A presença constante de dispositivos digitais na sociedade atual tem nos mostrado quão importante eles têm sido não apenas para o entretenimento nos momentos de folga e lazer, mas também para as necessidades diárias de atualização de informações. A construção do conhecimento tendo o aluno como o principal responsável pelo seu desenvolvimento e estando ele ciente de seu papel torna-o consciente de sua responsabilidade e mais crítico quanto aos meios que utiliza para este fim. Logo, a inserção de ferramentas de jogos no contexto educacional abandona o caráter lúdico que adquirira outrora e assume a função pedagógica, pois as organizações escolares, sob o prisma de mentoras do aprendizado, através da gestão, permitem o desenvolvimento de atividades inovadoras, dão o suporte necessário aos docentes para que o desenvolvimento ocorra de modo satisfatório e monitoram as aplicações funcionando como um termômetro para indicar a metodologia adequada a cada realidade de ensino. Com o objetivo de identificar como a estratégia da gamificação pode contribuir para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, o presente trabalho utiliza a pesquisa qualitativa para obtenção de dados através das técnicas de jogo em contexto de não jogo como estratégia para o desenvolvimento de uma disciplina curricular do curso Tecnólogo em Gestão Hospitalar em uma instituição de ensino superior. Utiliza mecânicas de jogo como pontuação, cumprimento de regras, desafios, alcance de níveis, recebimento de badges conforme o desempenho e premiações, tudo planejado estrategicamente e monitorado pela docente responsável pela disciplina. Ao final, a pesquisa expõe os resultados alcançados: os níveis de colaboração observados, as reações dos alunos frente à proposta da gamificação assim como os pontos positivos e as oportunidades de desenvolvimento para que haja a continuidade dos trabalhos voltados às contribuições das tecnologias digitais no processo educacional.
- Memory uprooted: contemporary cultural negotiations of transit and (temporary) exile in Portugal during World War IIPublication . Lino, Verena LindemannIn recent years memory studies have been characterized by approaches that tend to extend the scope beyond the traditional national framework, focusing instead on processes of transfer and circulation that unfold across established territorial, cultural and linguistic borders. Particularly in the context of migratory phenomena it seems moreover necessary to move the conceptualization of memory beyond its identity-bound use of ensuring “the uniqueness and continuity of a group” (A. Assmann 2011, 121). Dislocations of individuals or groups not only generate contexts in which belonging is uncertain, multiple or denied. More importantly, the remembrance of forced or voluntary migration may also serve as a resource not only for critical inquires of the mnemonic realm but also for (re)negotiations of memory cultures and mnemonic communities. Through the analysis of different artistic practices, I will discuss how the remembrance of the refugee presence in Lisbon during World War II may serve as a means to conceive of memory not as rooted in stable lieux de mémoire or mnemonic communities, but rather as outcome of complex heterocultural networks of signification. Instead of dealing with memory transfer or circulation between cultures or groups, this perspective addresses the internal translatedness of any supposedly discrete culture. Through this shift of focus, memory may be redefined as a critical practice that serves as a resource for moving the discussion about migration beyond the dichotomization of difference and common cultural roots.
- Family experiences of the internalized person in situation of critical illness: integrative revisionPublication . Ramos, Raquel M. V.; Monteiro, Ana C. R.; Coelho, Sílvia P.Background The admission of a patient to a critical health unit is usually traumatic for the family, having a major impact on their life, which can result in a moment of crisis, an anxiety enhancer. Fear of death, uncertainty of the future, emotional disturbances, financial worries, changing roles and routines, and the hospital environment are some sources that provide anxiety of a person's family in critical illness [1]. Objective To know the existent evidence about Family Experiences of the Person hospitalized in Situation of Critical Illness. Methods Integrative literature review using databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, Nursing & Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive, Cochrane, Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts, Medication with MeSH descriptors: “family”, “needs assessment” and “critical illness”. Were included all English-language articles, available in full text, with abstract and references available, between 2002 and 2017, excluding articles in the paediatrics area. Results In total, 7 were selected and 4 articles were analysed in full. From the literature, it emerges that the family of the person hospitalized in a critical illness has experiences and needs consequent to this situation, in which it is necessary an intervention from the professionals to support/to encourage during this traumatic transition of the familiar life [2]. The family has its own needs, and these must be met to effectively manage the situation of instability of the family member. Since the family directly influences the evolution of a person's condition in a critical illness situation, it is important to see the family also as a target of care, in a holistic view of caring [3]. The main areas of need experienced by the family are: information on the clinical situation, assurance of patient safety, support by health professionals and willingness to be close to the patient [2]. Conclusions Health professionals should be aware that the family is also a target in care, and that, in a multidisciplinary team, nurses are the most qualified professionals to plan and develop interventions to meet and respond to the family needs of the person hospitalized in critical illness [4]. The team must be able to respond to the identified family needs, through interventions to attenuate and help them to live the moment of hospitalization, making it the least traumatic possible, involving the relatives in the care, through the clarification of doubts and by helping to manage emotions and expectations [3].