Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2014-12-01"
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- Peer influence in the diffusion of iPhone 3G over a large social networkPublication . Matos, Miguel Godinho de; Ferreira, Pedro; Krackhardt, DavidIn this paper, we study the effect of peer influence in the diffusion of the iPhone 3G across a number of communities sampled from a large dataset provided by a major European Mobile carrier in one country. We identify tight communities of users in which peer influence may play a role and use instrumental variables to control for potential correlation between unobserved subscriber heterogeneity and friends' adoption. We provide evidence that the propensity of a subscriber to adopt increases with the percentage of friends who have already adopted. During a period of 11 months, we estimate that 14 percent of iPhone 3Gs sold by this carrier were due to peer influence. This result is obtained after controlling for social clustering, gender, previous adoption of mobile Internet data plans, ownership of technologically advanced handsets, and heterogeneity in the regions where subscribers move during the day and spend most of their evenings. This result remains qualitatively unchanged when we control for changes over time in the structure of the social network. We provide results from several policy experiments showing that, with this level of effect of peer influence, the carrier would have hardly benefitted from using traditional marketing strategies to seed the iPhone 3G to benefit from viral marketing.
- Regulation of corporate groups' governancePublication . Morcillo, Raquel Ruiz; Câmara, Paulo
- Exploração da carreira em reclusos: a importância das características individuaisPublication . Faria, Liliana; Marques, Sandra; Pinto, Joana CarneiroEste estudo visa analisar as competências de exploração de carreira em adultos reclusos, em função de variáveis sociodemográficas. Nesse sentido, apresenta-se uma investigação com 58 reclusos, de um estabelecimento prisional de Portugal. Os resultados indicam que os reclusos se encontram numa situação, em geral, favorável à exploração vocacional. Verificam-se ainda diferenças estatisticamente significativas no Stresse em função do estado civil, e na Certeza de Resultados e na Exploração do Meio profissional, em função do nível de escolaridade. Conclui-se que o grande desafio para profissionais de aconselhamento vocacional é facilitar o bem-estar psicológico dos reclusos, ajudando-os a compreender a realidade e a enfrentar os desafios de viver e trabalhar em sociedade, após a reclusão.
- Does austerity drives healthcare accessibility?Publication . Portela, Maria da Conceição Constantino; Fernandes, Adalberto CamposThe financial crisis may impact on healthcare systems, and challenge healthcare accessibility by increasing the percentage of patients with unmet medical needs due to the cost, the distance, and waiting lists. In order to analyze if austerity drives healthcare accessibility, we take annual data at country level, for Germany, United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, Ireland, Greece, and Portugal, from 2005 to 2011 (n=56). The countries were clustered according to the external intervention during financial crisis. We consider a period ex-ante and another one ex-post crisis, and assess the difference in averages, by using the t Student test. This is followed by a correlation analysis by calculating Spearman’s coefficient, to assess if there is an association between the unemployment rate and the percentage of patients with unmet medical needs, considering the educational levels and income quintiles, regarding each one of the clusters. We found that during austerity there is an increase in the percentage of patients with unmet medical needs due to excessive cost, except for Germany and United Kingdom, but a decrease in the percentage of patients with unmet medical needs due to the distance and waiting lists. These figures were higher for low income and educational levels. For the cluster of France, Italy and Spain, the healthcare accessibility improves with increasing unemployment rates; but for Greece, Ireland and Portugal there is no association between accessibility and unemployment rate.
- Ensino superior e desenvolvimento de competências transversais em futuros economistas e gestoresPublication . Silva, Rita Santos; Nascimento, InêsO Ensino Superior têm enfrentado enormes desafios no sentido de criar e/ou otimizar contextos de aprendizagem que permitam aos estudantes lidar de forma mais orientada com as exigências do mercado de trabalho. A relação entre conhecimento científico e técnico e competências transversais assume um papel determinante no desempenho profissional de excelência. Para responder a estas exigências, a Faculdade de Economia e Gestão da Católica Porto desenvolveu uma abordagem reconhecida em 2010 pela OCDE como prática de inovação curricular e desenvolvimento de competências. O Strategic Leadership Hub desenvolve intervenção em três níveis: 1. coaching e mentoring com os estudantes; 2. cooperação com os professores; e 3. articulação como mercado de trabalho. Neste artigo serão apresentados alguns resultados da adesão e satisfação dos estudantes com os processos de intervenção, das principais competências desenvolvidas e de empregabilidade.
- The criminal woman: visions and theories in the nineteenth-century PortugalPublication . Esteves, AlexandraIn this article, we intend to explain, albeit very briefly, different views on the relationship of the woman with the crime and point out the most frequent offenses attributed to them, with reference to the conditions under which, in the nineteenth century, arose the everyday experience of women in the district of Viana do Castelo, located in Alto Minho, a northern region of Portugal.
- The wage returns to on-the-job training: evidence from matched employer-employee dataPublication . Almeida, Rita K.; Faria, MartaSkills shortages and skill mismatch are a pressing concern for policymakers in several developing countries, and in East Asia specifically. Providing on-the-job training can be an effective policy tool to shape the skills of the existent workforce to the specific needs of the firms. This paper explores a unique data set of matched employer-employee data for Malaysia and Thailand to estimate the wage return to on-the-job training in these two countries. Exploring propensity score matching estimates, we show that the average wage returns to on-the-job training are 7.7% for Malaysia and 4.5% for Thailand. Furthermore, we find evidence that the wage returns to on-the-job training are higher for males than for females in Malaysia and that, for both countries, returns are higher for workers with at least secondary education. JEL codes: J24; J30
- Clínica Universitária de Psicologia: capítulos de um projetoPublication . Lima, Vânia Sousa; Amorim, Mariana; Dias, Pedro; Machado, Bárbara César
- What cultural differences really matter for managers? Towards a new model of cultural distancePublication . Silva, Susana Costa e; Reis, Nuno Rosa; Santos, João CarvalhoCultural differences play a central role in International Business research. Despite receiving a great deal of attention from scholars, the effect of cultural differences is still not completely understood. While the importance of cultural differences in conducting business abroad is widely accepted, extant research provides mixed results on their impact. We argue that one of the reasons why cultural differences’ impact is not fully understood are the shortages in the national cultural distance construct (Kogut & Singh, 1988), especially in the globalized and fast-changing contemporary world. Specifically, we identify three shortcomings in the current national cultural distance construct: (1) cultural differences are becoming increasingly less relevant among managers working in internationally oriented firms; (2) organizational cultural differences may prove more relevant than national cultural distance, especially since many firms have global operations; (3) the cultures’ reputation is not symmetric, i.e., the perceptions of the cultural differences are not taken into account. Thus, we present a conceptual model which addresses these shortcomings and we arguably contribute to a better understanding of the impact of national cultural distance. We discuss our proposed model and we put forward some avenues for future research.
- Avaliação externa do programa Escolhas (5ª geração): 2º relatório intercalarPublication . Azevedo, Joaquim; Valente, Ana Claúdia; Baptista, Isabel; Trigo, Luísa Ribeiro; Melo, Rodrigo Queiroz e