Browsing by Author "Nikishina, Alena"
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- Understanding factors affecting sleep, fatigue, social support and the moderating role of job satisfaction among shift workersPublication . Nikishina, Alena; Reis, Cátia Cristina PeixinhoIn today’s 24/7 economy, shift work has become increasingly common across industries, posing significant challenges to workers’ health, well-being, and performance. Disrupted circadian rhythms, sleep disturbances, and chronic fatigue are well-documented consequences of irregular work schedules. However, less is known about the psychosocial factors—such as social support and job satisfaction—that may help mitigate these negative effects. Drawing on Affective Events Theory and the Job Demands-Resources model, this study aimed to deepen understanding of these dynamics in shift-working populations. The study had three main objectives: (1) to examine the relationships between sleep disturbances, chronic fatigue, and social support; (2) to explore whether job satisfaction moderates the relationship between chronic fatigue and sleep disturbances; and (3) to generate insights that could inform workplace interventions to support sleep health and well-being in shift work settings. A cross-sectional, quantitative survey design was employed, collecting data from 74 shift workers—including aircrew (pilots and cabin crew) and non-aircrew personnel (ground staff and office-based workers)—using validated questionnaires measuring sleep disturbances, chronic fatigue, social support (focused on family cohesion and intimacy), and job satisfaction. Data were analyzed using correlation, regression, and moderation analyses with bootstrapping to strengthen reliability. The findings supported the first hypothesis, revealing a significant positive relationship between sleep disturbances and chronic fatigue, with sleep disturbance explaining approximately 33% of the variance in fatigue. The second hypothesis was also supported: higher levels of social support were associated with fewer sleep disturbances, explaining approximately 38% of the variance. Partial support was found for the third hypothesis: job satisfaction moderated the relationship between chronic fatigue and sleep disturbances, but this effect was significant only at lower levels of job satisfaction. At higher levels of job satisfaction, the link between fatigue and sleep disturbance was no longer statistically significant. These findings suggest that social support and job satisfaction can act as protective factors in reducing sleep disturbances and fatigue in shift work environments. While the moderation effect of job satisfaction was only partially supported and limited by measurement constraints, the results align with existing theoretical models that emphasize the role of emotional and social resources in coping with occupational stressors. The results also highlight the potential for workplace interventions aimed at enhancing social support and job satisfaction to improve sleep quality and reduce fatigue. In conclusion, this study provides preliminary but meaningful insights into the complex interplay between shift work, sleep, fatigue, and psychosocial factors. Further research with larger and more diverse samples will be essential to validate these findings and support the development of targeted interventions to promote the well-being of shift-working populations.