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Percorrer por autor "Nichols, Emma"

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  • Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
    Publication . GBD 2021 Nervous System Disorders Collaborators; Steinmetz, Jaimie D.; Seeher, Katrin Maria; Schiess, Nicoline; Nichols, Emma; Cao, Bochen; Servili, Chiara; Cavallera, Vanessa; Cousin, Ewerton; Hagins, Hailey; Moberg, Madeline E.; Mehlman, Max L.; Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis; Abbas, Jaffar; Abbasi, Madineh Akram; Abbasian, Mohammadreza; Abbastabar, Hedayat; Abdelmasseh, Michael; Abdollahi, Mohammad; Abdollahi, Mozhan; Abdollahifar, Mohammad Amin; Abd-Rabu, Rami; Abdulah, Deldar Morad; Abdullahi, Auwal; Abedi, Aidin; Abedi, Vida; Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel; Abidi, Hassan; Abiodun, Olumide; Aboagye, Richard Gyan; Abolhassani, Hassan; Aboyans, Victor; Abrha, Woldu Aberhe; Abualhasan, Ahmed; Abu-Gharbieh, Eman; Aburuz, Salahdein; Adamu, Lawan Hassan; Addo, Isaac Yeboah; Adebayo, Oladimeji M.; Adekanmbi, Victor; Adekiya, Tayo Alex; Adikusuma, Wirawan; Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah; Adra, Saryia; Afework, Tsion; Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika; Afraz, Ali; Afzal, Saira; Aghamiri, Shahin; Agodi, Antonella; Bettencourt, Paulo J. G.
    Background: Disorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditions in 2015 and 2016, but these analyses did not include neurodevelopmental disorders, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11, or a subset of cases of congenital, neonatal, and infectious conditions that cause neurological damage. Here, we estimate nervous system health loss caused by 37 unique conditions and their associated risk factors globally, regionally, and nationally from 1990 to 2021. Methods: We estimated mortality, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), by age and sex in 204 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2021. We included morbidity and deaths due to neurological conditions, for which health loss is directly due to damage to the CNS or peripheral nervous system. We also isolated neurological health loss from conditions for which nervous system morbidity is a consequence, but not the primary feature, including a subset of congenital conditions (ie, chromosomal anomalies and congenital birth defects), neonatal conditions (ie, jaundice, preterm birth, and sepsis), infectious diseases (ie, COVID-19, cystic echinococcosis, malaria, syphilis, and Zika virus disease), and diabetic neuropathy. By conducting a sequela-level analysis of the health outcomes for these conditions, only cases where nervous system damage occurred were included, and YLDs were recalculated to isolate the non-fatal burden directly attributable to nervous system health loss. A comorbidity correction was used to calculate total prevalence of all conditions that affect the nervous system combined. Findings: Globally, the 37 conditions affecting the nervous system were collectively ranked as the leading group cause of DALYs in 2021 (443 million, 95% UI 378–521), affecting 3·40 billion (3·20–3·62) individuals (43·1%, 40·5–45·9 of the global population); global DALY counts attributed to these conditions increased by 18·2% (8·7–26·7) between 1990 and 2021. Age-standardised rates of deaths per 100 000 people attributed to these conditions decreased from 1990 to 2021 by 33·6% (27·6–38·8), and age-standardised rates of DALYs attributed to these conditions decreased by 27·0% (21·5–32·4). Age-standardised prevalence was almost stable, with a change of 1·5% (0·7–2·4). The ten conditions with the highest age-standardised DALYs in 2021 were stroke, neonatal encephalopathy, migraine, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, diabetic neuropathy, meningitis, epilepsy, neurological complications due to preterm birth, autism spectrum disorder, and nervous system cancer. Interpretation: As the leading cause of overall disease burden in the world, with increasing global DALY counts, effective prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies for disorders affecting the nervous system are needed. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
    2024-04Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Measuring progress and projecting attainment on the basis of past trends of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
    Publication . Fullman, Nancy; Barber, Ryan M; Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbas, Kaja M; Abd-Allah, Foad; Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi; Abdulle, Abdishakur M; Abera, Semaw Ferede; Aboyans, Victor; Kopec, Jacek A; Meier, Toni; Yip, Paul; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Do, Huyen Phuc; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Yoon, Seok-Jun; Butt, Zahid A; Norheim, Ole F; Kim, Daniel; Hammami, Mouhanad; Geleto, Ayele; Yotebieng, Marcel; Bannick, Marlena S; Younis, Mustafa Z; Zaidi, Zoubida; Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed; Breitborde, Nicholas J K; Shamsipour, Mansour; Kosen, Soewarta; Zavala-Arciniega, Luis; Kisa, Adnan; Criqui, Michael H; Zhang, Xueying; Zipkin, Ben; Reinig, Nikolas; Noubiap, Jean Jacques N; Zodpey, Sanjay; Dokova, Klara; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Lim, Stephen S; Dargan, Paul I; Uneke, Chigozie Jesse; Murray, Christopher J L; Aryal, Krishna Kumar; Barac, Aleksandra; Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam; Barker-Collo, Suzanne L; Koul, Parvaiz A; Reitsma, Marissa B; Bärnighausen, Till; Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf; Barrero, Lope H; Updike, Rachel; Basu, Sanjay; Martinez-Raga, Jose; Ahmadieh, Hamid; Battle, Katherine E; Baune, Bernhard T; Beardsley, Justin; Hawley, Caitlin; Doku, David Teye; Memish, Ziad A; Goldberg, Ellen M; Azzopardi, Peter; Bedi, Neeraj; Beghi, Ettore; Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo; Stein, Dan J; Asayesh, Hamid; Koyanagi, Ai; Béjot, Yannick; Bell, Michelle L; Bennett, Derrick A; Bennett, James R; Rao, Puja C; Bensenor, Isabela M; Berhane, Adugnaw; Cromwell, Elizabeth A; Berhe, Derbew Fikadu; Steiner, Caitlyn; Mendoza, Walter; Shamsizadeh, Morteza; Aichour, Amani Nidhal; Malekzadeh, Reza; Bernabé, Eduardo; Uthman, Olalekan A; Donkelaar, Aaron van; Kravchenko, Michael; Betsu, Balem Demtsu; Beuran, Mircea; Beyene, Addisu Shunu; Steinke, Sabine; Remuzzi, Giuseppe; Bhala, Neeraj; Ansari, Hossein; Bhansali, Anil; Adetokunboh, Olatunji; Bhatt, Samir; Mengesha, Melkamu Merid; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A; Bicer, Burcu Kucuk; Hay, Simon I; Stokes, Mark Andrew; Bidgoli, Hassan Haghparast; Furtado, Joao M; Renzaho, Andre M N; McKee, Martin; Kawakami, Norito; Bikbov, Boris; Dorsey, E Ray; Bilal, Arebu I; Birungi, Charles; Biryukov, Stan; Friedman, Joseph; Strub, Bryan; Allebeck, Peter; Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie; Griswold, Max; Blosser, Christopher D; Boneya, Dube Jara; Shariful Islam, Sheikh Mohammed; Resnikoff, Serge; Bose, Dipan; He, Jiawei; Krohn, Kristopher J; Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R; Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine; Brauer, Michael; De Steur, Hans; Driscoll, Tim R; Oh, In-Hwan; Dubey, Manisha; Mengistie, Mubarek Abera; Sharma, Jayendra; Afshin, Ashkan; Rezaei, Satar; Duncan, Bruce Bartholow; Ebel, Beth E; Nguyen, Trang Huyen; Cárdenas, Rosario; Ebrahimi, Hedyeh; El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad; Enayati, Ahmadali; Alam, Noore; Hendrie, Delia; Oladimeji, Olanrewaju; Khosravi, Ardeshir; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich; Khalil, Ibrahim A; van Boven, Job F M; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Mensah, George A; Erskine, Holly E; Eshrati, Babak; Eskandarieh, Sharareh; Agrawal, Anurag; Esteghamati, Alireza; Estep, Kara; Gugnani, Harish Chander; Faraon, Emerito Jose Aquino; Varughese, Santosh; Olagunju, Andrew Toyin; Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale; Carter, Austin; Naghavi, Mohsen; Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa; Henry, Nathaniel J; Mensink, Gert B M; Faro, André; Farzadfar, Farshad; Fazeli, Mir Sohail; Vasankari, Tommi; Sharma, Rajesh; Feigin, Valery L; Dandona, Rakhi; Feigl, Andrea B; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi; Rios Blancas, Maria Jesus; Agrawal, Sutapa; Fernandes, João C; Kulikoff, Xie Rachel; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Ferrari, Alize J; Kasaeian, Amir; She, Jun; Mantovani, Lorenzo G; Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa; Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz; Filip, Irina; Fischer, Florian; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Kamal, Ritul; Vidavalur, Ramesh; Christensen, Hanne; Flaxman, Abraham D; Foigt, Nataliya; Foreman, Kyle J; Sunguya, Bruno F; Shi, Peilin; Frank, Tahvi; Kumar, G Anil; Mereta, Seid Tiku; Ahmad Kiadaliri, Aliasghar; Abu-Raddad, Laith J; Franklin, Richard C; Hoek, Hans W; Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo; Holmberg, Mollie; Olivares, Pedro R; Sur, Patrick J; Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero; Shibuya, Kenji; Horita, Nobuyuki; Hosgood, H Dean; Rawaf, Salman; Hostiuc, Sorin; Aichour, Ibtihel; Hoy, Damian G; Chang, Jung-Chen; Kumar Lal, Dharmesh; Anwari, Palwasha; Mazidi, Mohsen; Hsairi, Mohamed; Htet, Aung Soe; Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio; Hankey, Graeme J; Amare, Azmeraw T; Huang, John J; Huang, Hsiang; Huynh, Chantal; Cameron, Ewan; Iburg, Kim Moesgaard; Ikeda, Chad; Kimokoti, Ruth W; Inoue, Manami; Roba, Kedir Teji; Violante, Francesco S; Gemechu, Bikila Lencha; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter; Kutz, Michael J; Olsen, Helen E; Aiyar, Sneha; Jacobsen, Kathryn H; Jahanmehr, Nader; Swaminathan, Soumya; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B; Gupta, Vipin; Jauregui, Alejandra; Javanbakht, Mehdi; Rojas-Rueda, David; Shields, Chloe; Campuzano, Julio Cesar; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Meretoja, Tuomo J; Jha, Vivekanand; Malhotra, Rajesh; Sykes, Bryan L; Altirkawi, Khalid A; John, Denny; Kyu, Hmwe H; Johnson, Catherine O; Johnson, Sarah Charlotte; Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola; Majdzadeh, Reza; Gona, Philimon N; Jonas, Jost B; Jürisson, Mikk; Kabir, Zubair; Vladimirov, Sergey K; Avila-Burgos, Leticia; Kadel, Rajendra; Meretoja, Atte; Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola; Carabin, Hélène; Kahsay, Amaha; Lalloo, Ratilal; Shifa, Girma Temam; Lansingh, Van C; Rokni, Mohammad Bagher; Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich; Gakidou, Emmanuela; Sylte, Dillon O; Larsson, Anders; Lazarus, Jeffrey Victor; Lee, Paul H; Casey, Daniel C; Alasfoor, Deena; Giussani, Giorgia; Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane; das Neves, José; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Leigh, James; Leung, Janni; Nguyen, Grant; Crump, John A; Leung, Ricky; Levi, Miriam; Li, Yongmei; Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L; Liben, Misgan Legesse; Linn, Shai; Mehata, Suresh; Liu, Patrick Y; Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay; Keiyoro, Peter Njenga; Schwebel, David C; Liu, Shiwei; Micha, Renata; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A; Lodha, Rakesh; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Vollset, Stein Emil; Looker, Katharine J; Lopez, Alan D; Lorkowski, Stefan; Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal; Szoeke, Cassandra E I; Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde; Lotufo, Paulo A; Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun; Lozano, Rafael; Naheed, Aliya; Bacha, Umar; Lucas, Timothy C D; Millear, Anoushka; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Mackay, Mark T; Castro, Ruben Estanislao; Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Maddison, Emilie R; Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan; Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza; deVeber, Gabrielle A; Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed; Ong, Kanyin; Roth, Gregory A; Geleijnse, Johanna M; Majdan, Marek; Miller, Ted R; Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael; Allen, Christine; Shigematsu, Mika; Kassebaum, Nicholas J; Vos, Theo; Minnig, Shawn; Mirarefin, Mojde; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M; Gething, Peter W; Charlson, Fiona J; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Oren, Eyal; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Misganaw, Awoke; Mishra, Shiva Raj; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T; Gupta, Rajeev; Mitchell, Philip B; Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin; Mohammed, Kedir Endris; Akseer, Nadia; Mohammed, Shafiu; Mohan, Murali B V; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa; Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Sposato, Luciano A; Mokdad, Ali H; Ortiz, Alberto; Shin, Min-Jeong; Gibney, Katherine B; Mollenkopf, Sarah K; Chew, Adrienne; Monasta, Lorenzo; Montañez Hernandez, Julio Cesar; Montico, Marcella; Degenhardt, Louisa; Wadilo, Fiseha; Kastor, Anshul; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Roy, Ambuj; Moraga, Paula; Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur; Morawska, Lidia; Owolabi, Mayowa O; Morrison, Shane D; Moses, Mark W; Gill, Paramjit Singh; Rafay, Anwar; McAlinden, Colm; Alsharif, Ubai; Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M E; Mueller, Ulrich O; Rubagotti, Enrico; Shiri, Rahman; Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal; Muller, Kate; PA, Mahesh; Wakayo, Tolassa; Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas; Tandon, Nikhil; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Pana, Adrian; Panda, Basant Kumar; Amini, Erfan; Kelbore, Sefonias Getachew; Glenn, Scott D; Cercy, Kelly; Sadat, Nafis; Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Papachristou, Christina; Kinfu, Yohannes; Park, Eun-Kee; Patton, George C; Paulson, Katherine; Catalá-López, Ferrán; Pereira, David M; Perico, David Norberto; Cirillo, Massimo; Wallin, Mitchell T; Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe; Pesudovs, Konrad; Safdarian, Mahdi; Tao, Tianchan; Kemmer, Laura; Petzold, Max; Godwin, William W; Phillips, Michael Robert; Ammar, Walid; Pigott, David M; Harb, Hilda L; Mamun, Abdullah A; Pillay, Julian David; Shirkoohi, Reza; Pinho, Christine; Schwendicke, Falk; Piradov, Michael A; Safi, Sare; Pishgar, Farhad; Poulton, Richie G; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Nomura, Marika; Cooper, Cyrus; Pourmalek, Farshad; Brugha, Traolach S; Qorbani, Mostafa; Shirude, Shreya; Tarekegn, Yihunie L; Manguerra, Helena; Radfar, Amir; Arora, Megha; Goodridge, Amador; Wang, Yuan-Pang; Naidoo, Kovin S; Safiri, Saeid; Sagar, Rajesh; Dandona, Lalit; Manyazewal, Tsegahun; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Giref, Ababi Zergaw; Shishani, Kawkab; Salama, Joseph; Salomon, Joshua A; Mehndiratta, Man Mohan; Samy, Abdallah M; Sanabria, Juan Ramon; Santomauro, Damian; Gillum, Richard F; Santos, Itamar S; Santos, João Vasco; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Santric Milicevic, Milena M; Shoman, Haitham; Weichenthal, Scott; Mapoma, Chabila C; Artaman, Al; Khang, Young-Ho; Sartorius, Benn; Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi; Satpathy, Maheswar; Nangia, Vinay; Sawhney, Monika; Tavakkoli, Mohammad; Saxena, Sonia; Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T; Saylan, Mete I; Shrime, Mark G; Schmidt, Maria Inês; Schneider, Ione J C; Marks, Guy B; Goryakin, Yevgeniy; Schneider, Matthew T; Frostad, Joseph J; Schöttker, Ben; Taveira, Nuno; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan; Schutte, Aletta E; Davitoiu, Dragos V; Kieling, Christian; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Silberberg, Donald H; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Gupta, Tanush; Negoi, Ruxandra Irina; Martopullo, Ira; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw; Assadi, Reza; Silva, João Pedro; Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves; Singh, Jasvinder A; Singh, Virendra; Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair; Sinha, Dhirendra Narain; Skiadaresi, Eirini; Kim, Jun Y; Carrero, Juan Jesus; Slepak, Erica Leigh; Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur; Negoi, Ionut; de Courten, Barbora; Mathur, Manu Raj; Sligar, Amber; Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto; Smith, David L; Rahman, Mahfuzar; Smith, Alison; Weintraub, Robert G; Atey, Tesfay Mehari; Smith, Mari; Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman; Sobaih, Badr H A; Sobngwi, Eugene; Nguyen, Cuong Tat; Kim, Yun Jin; Soljak, Michael; Karch, André; Soneji, Samir; Weiss, Daniel J; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Sorensen, Reed J D; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Alla, François; Seedat, Soraya; Tessema, Gizachew Assefa; Thakur, JS; Alam, Khurshid; Rajsic, Sasa; Nguyen, Minh; Werdecker, Andrea; Deiparine, Selina; Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman; Thrift, Amanda G; Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer; Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan; Martin, Randall V; Topor-Madry, Roman; Torre, Anna; McGaughey, Madeline; Tortajada, Miguel; Ding, Eric L; Ram, Usha; Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi; Nichols, Emma; Awasthi, Ashish; Fürst, Thomas; Tran, Bach Xuan; Sepanlou, Sadaf G; Troeger, Christopher; Deribe, Kebede; Truelsen, Thomas; Badawi, Alaa; Tsoi, Derrick; Tuem, Kald Beshir; Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal; McGrath, John J; Tuzcu, Emin Murat; Majeed, Azeem; Tyrovolas, Stefanos; Servan-Mori, Edson E; Ukwaja, Kingsley N; Kivimaki, Mika; Chitheer, Abdulaal A; Srinivasan, Vinay; Westerman, Ronny; Whiteford, Harvey A; Chang, Hsing-Yi; Shackelford, Katya Anne; Reidy, Patrick; Hareri, Habtamu Abera; Wijeratne, Tissa; Wiysonge, Charles Shey; Woldeyes, Belete Getahun; Wolfe, Charles D A; Nguyen, Quyen Le; Woodbrook, Rachel; Xavier, Denis; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Xu, Gelin; Shaheen, Amira; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Reiner, Robert C; Djalalinia, Shirin; Karema, Corine Kakizi; Yadgir, Simon; Stanaway, Jeffrey D; Balakrishnan, Kalpana; Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh; Yakob, Bereket; Yan, Lijing L; Yano, Yuichiro; Shahraz, Saeid; Nong, Vuong Minh; Yaseri, Mehdi; Musa, Kamarul Imran; Ye, Pengpeng; Atre, Sachin R; Yimam, Hassen Hamid
    Background: The UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are grounded in the global ambition of "leaving no one behind". Understanding today's gains and gaps for the health-related SDGs is essential for decision makers as they aim to improve the health of populations. As part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016), we measured 37 of the 50 health-related SDG indicators over the period 1990-2016 for 188 countries, and then on the basis of these past trends, we projected indicators to 2030. Methods: We used standardised GBD 2016 methods to measure 37 health-related indicators from 1990 to 2016, an increase of four indicators since GBD 2015. We substantially revised the universal health coverage (UHC) measure, which focuses on coverage of essential health services, to also represent personal health-care access and quality for several non-communicable diseases. We transformed each indicator on a scale of 0-100, with 0 as the 2.5th percentile estimated between 1990 and 2030, and 100 as the 97.5th percentile during that time. An index representing all 37 health-related SDG indicators was constructed by taking the geometric mean of scaled indicators by target. On the basis of past trends, we produced projections of indicator values, using a weighted average of the indicator and country-specific annualised rates of change from 1990 to 2016 with weights for each annual rate of change based on out-of-sample validity. 24 of the currently measured health-related SDG indicators have defined SDG targets, against which we assessed attainment. Findings: Globally, the median health-related SDG index was 56.7 (IQR 31.9-66.8) in 2016 and country-level performance markedly varied, with Singapore (86.8, 95% uncertainty interval 84.6-88.9), Iceland (86.0, 84.1-87.6), and Sweden (85.6, 81.8-87.8) having the highest levels in 2016 and Afghanistan (10.9, 9.6-11.9), the Central African Republic (11.0, 8.8-13.8), and Somalia (11.3, 9.5-13.1) recording the lowest. Between 2000 and 2016, notable improvements in the UHC index were achieved by several countries, including Cambodia, Rwanda, Equatorial Guinea, Laos, Turkey, and China; however, a number of countries, such as Lesotho and the Central African Republic, but also high-income countries, such as the USA, showed minimal gains. Based on projections of past trends, the median number of SDG targets attained in 2030 was five (IQR 2-8) of the 24 defined targets currently measured. Globally, projected target attainment considerably varied by SDG indicator, ranging from more than 60% of countries projected to reach targets for under-5 mortality, neonatal mortality, maternal mortality ratio, and malaria, to less than 5% of countries projected to achieve targets linked to 11 indicator targets, including those for childhood overweight, tuberculosis, and road injury mortality. For several of the health-related SDGs, meeting defined targets hinges upon substantially faster progress than what most countries have achieved in the past. Interpretation: GBD 2016 provides an updated and expanded evidence base on where the world currently stands in terms of the health-related SDGs. Our improved measure of UHC offers a basis to monitor the expansion of health services necessary to meet the SDGs. Based on past rates of progress, many places are facing challenges in meeting defined health-related SDG targets, particularly among countries that are the worst off. In view of the early stages of SDG implementation, however, opportunity remains to take actions to accelerate progress, as shown by the catalytic effects of adopting the Millennium Development Goals after 2000. With the SDGs' broader, bolder development agenda, multisectoral commitments and investments are vital to make the health-related SDGs within reach of all populations.
    2017Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais