Browsing by Author "Madeira, Sara Gamboa"
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- A digital tool for self-reporting cardiovascular risk factors: the RADICAL studyPublication . Santos, José Ferreira; Castela, Inês; Madeira, Sara Gamboa; Furtado, Sofia; Pereira, Hugo Vieira; Teixeira, Diana; Dores, HélderAims: Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide. Risk stratification and early interventions are essential to overcome this reality. The RADICAL Study (Risk Assessment via Digital Input for Cardiovascular And Lifestyle Factors) aimed to evaluate the prevalence of self-reported cardiovascular risk factors in individuals without known cardiovascular disease using a digital tool. Methods and results: A digital self-reported cardiovascular risk stratification tool, comprising 23 questions about classical and lifestyle cardiovascular risk factors, was completed by 4149 individuals aged 40–69 years (median age 53.0 [47.0; 60.0] years; 78 % women). Among the cardiovascular risk factors, 40.9 % reported hypercholesterolemia, 26.8 % hypertension, 17.3 % smoking, 5.8 % diabetes, 58.4 % physical inactivity, 19.4 % obesity, 33.7 % sleep less than 7 h/night, and 12.1 % had composite dietary risk factors. Most of the participants (89.9 %) referred having at least one of the eight cardiovascular risk factors. Women had 27 % higher odds of having at least one cardiovascular risk factor compared to men (OR = 1.27, 95 % CI [1.00, 1.60]). Participants aged 50–59 years also had higher odds of having at least one CV risk factor compared to those aged 40–49 years (OR = 1.35, 95 % CI [1.07, 1.70]). Conclusion: The RADICAL Study reveals a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in adults without known cardiovascular disease. Beyond the relevance of traditional risk factors, such as hypercholesterolemia and hypertension, the results regarding physical activity, dietary and sleeping habits are concerning. A self-reported cardiovascular risk identification digital tool could be feasible and help to improve cardiovascular prevention.
- Social jetlag, a novel predictor for high cardiovascular risk in blue-collar workers following permanent atypical work schedulesPublication . Madeira, Sara Gamboa; Reis, Cátia; Paiva, Teresa; Moreira, Carlos Santos; Nogueira, Paulo; Roenneberg, TillCardiovascular diseases cause >4 million deaths each year in Europe alone. Preventive approaches that do not only consider individual risk factors but their interaction, such as the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), are recommended by European guidelines. Increased cardiovascular risk is associated with shift-work, surely interacting with the concurrent conditions: disruption of sleep, unhealthy behaviours, and circadian misalignment. Social jetlag (SJL) has been proposed as a way to quantify circadian misalignment. We therefore investigated the association between SJL and cardiovascular health in a cross-sectional observational study involving blue-collar workers, who either worked permanent morning, evening, or night shifts. Sociodemographic, health and productivity data were collected through questionnaires. Blood pressure and cholesterol were measured and the cardiovascular risk was estimated according to the relative risk SCORE chart. Bivariate analysis was performed according to the cardiovascular risk and the relationship between SJL and high cardiovascular risk was analysed through logistic regression. Cumulative models were performed, adjusted for various confounding factors. After 49 exclusions, the final sample comprised 301 workers (56% males; aged <40 years, 73%). Mean standard deviation (SD) SJL was 1:57 (1:38) hr (59.4% ≤2 hr). Cardiovascular risk was high in 20% of the sample. Multivariate analysis revealed SJL to be an independent risk factor for high cardiovascular risk. Each additional hour of SJL increased this risk by >30% (odds ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.68). This is the first study indicating that SJL potentially increases cardiovascular risk, and suggests that sleep and individual circadian qualities are critical in preventing negative health impacts of shift-work.