Browsing by Author "Gajic, Ina"
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- Dissemination of metallo-β-lactamase-producing pseudomonas aeruginosa in Serbian Hospital settings: expansion of ST235 and ST654 clonesPublication . Kabic, Jovana; Fortunato, Gianuario; Vaz-Moreira, Ivone; Kekic, Dusan; Jovicevic, Milos; Pesovic, Jovan; Ranin, Lazar; Opavski, Natasa; Manaia, Célia M; Gajic, InaThis nationwide study aimed to investigate the molecular characteristics of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Serbia, underlying resistance mechanisms, the genetic context of detected MBL genes, and the clonal relationship between isolates harboring genes-encoding MBL. Overall, 320/5334 isolates collected from 2018 to 2021 were identified as P. aeruginosa. Carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPA) were screened for the presence of bla VIM , bla IMP , and bla NDM , genes whereas MBL-positive isolates were tested for the presence of the bla CTX-M-2 , bla PER , bla TEM , bla SHV , bla VEB , and bla GES . Multilocus sequence typing and phylogenomic analysis were performed for P. aeruginosa-producing MBL. The majority of the P. aeruginosa isolates were recovered from the lower respiratory tract (n = 120; 37.5%) and wound specimens (n = 108; 33.75%). CRPA isolates accounted for 43.1% (n = 138) of the tested isolates, 31 out of them being bla NDM-1 -positive (22.5%). The colistin resistance rate was 0.3%. MLST analysis revealed the occurrence of ST235 (n = 25) and ST654 (n = 6), mostly confined to Serbia. The distribution of beta-lactamase-encoding genes in these isolates suggested clonal dissemination and possible recombination: ST235/ bla NDM-1 , ST235/ bla NDM-1 / bla PER-1 , ST654/ bla NDM-1 , ST654/ bla NDM-1 / bla PER-1 , and ST654/ bla NDM-1 / bla GES-5 . High-risk clones ST235 and ST654 identified for the first time in Serbia, are important vectors of acquired MBL and ESBL and their associated multidrug resistance phenotypes represent a cause for considerable concern.
- Insight into phylogenomic bias of blaVIM-2 or blaNDM-1 dissemination amongst carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosaPublication . Fortunato, Gianuario; Vaz-Moreira, Ivone; Gajic, Ina; Manaia, Célia M.Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) are ubiquitous opportunistic pathogens that combine intrinsic and acquired multidrug resistance phenotypes. Due to different types of acquired genes, carbapenem resistance has been expanding in this species. This study hypothesised that the spread of carbapenem resistance among P. aeruginosa is influenced by phylogenomic features, being distinct for different genes. Methods: To test this hypothesis, the genomes of P. aeruginosa harbouring bla VIM-2 or bla NDM-1 genes were compared. The bla VIM-2 gene was selected because, although frequent, it is almost restricted to this species and bla NDM-1 gene due to its wide interspecies distribution. A group of genomes harbouring the genes bla VIM-2 (n = 116) or bla NDM-1 (n = 27), available in GenBank, was characterised based on core phylogenomic analysis, functional categories in the accessory genome and mobile genetic elements flanking the selected genes. Results: Most bla VIM-2 gene hosts belonged to multilocus sequence types (ST) ST111 (n = 32 of 116) and ST233 (n = 27 of 116) and were reported in Europe (n = 75 of 116). The bla NDM-1 gene hosts were distributed by different STs (ST38, ST773, ST235, ST357 and ST654), frequently from Asia (n = 11 of 27). Significant differences in the prevalence of functional protein/enzyme annotations per number of accessory genomes were observed between bla VIM-2+ and bla NDM-1+. The bla VIM-2 gene was frequently inserted in the Tn402-like and Tn21 transposons family and rarely in IS6100, while bla NDM-1 gene was preferentially flanked by ISAba125 and ble MBL genes or associated with IS91 insertion sequence. Conclusion: The hypothesis that carbapenem resistance gene acquisition is not random among phylogenomic lineages was confirmed, suggesting the importance of phylogeny in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes.