Browsing by Author "Castro, Rita de"
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- Bioactive peptides produced from the mussel mytilus galloprovincialis by enzymatic hydrolysis with corolasePublication . Cunha, Sara; Castro, Rita de; Coscueta, Ezequiel; Pintado, Manuela
- Enzymatic hydrolysis of the microalgae tetraselmis sp. production, characterization and ultrafiltration of antimicrobial extractsPublication . Cunha, Sara A.; Castro, Rita de; Pintado, Manuela E.Microalgae have been studied for their bioactive compounds, such as peptides, with enzymatic hydrolysis appearing as the most frequently used method for producing bioactive peptides. Microalgae are easy to produce, making them a sustainable resource for the extraction of active ingredients for industrial applications. Therefore, this work focused on the production of water-soluble extracts rich in proteins and bioactive peptides with molecular weight lower than 3 KDa. The intact Tetraselmis sp. used showed 23.0% of protein, 6.2% of lipids, 18.9% of carbohydrates and 17.0% of fibers. Extracts were produced from the microalgae by enzymatic hydrolysis, using ultrapure water as the solvent. First, the mixture was incubated at 50ºC for 2h with 4.7% of cellulase. Secondly, the mixture was incubated with 5% of a subtilisin protease at 40ºC for 2h, to hydrolyze the proteins into smaller peptides. The produced extract was then fractionated by ultrafiltration in a Tangential Flow Filtration System (Cogent® μScale) using a cut-off of 3KDa. The resulting extract
- Hydrolysate from mussel mytilus galloprovincialis meat: enzymatic hydrolysis, optimization and bioactive propertiesPublication . Cunha, Sara A.; Castro, Rita de; Coscueta, Ezequiel R.; Pintado, ManuelaMussel production generates losses and waste since their commercialisation must be aligned with target market criteria. Since mussels are rich in proteins, their meat can be explored as a source of bioactive hydrolysates. Thus, the main objective of this study was to establish the optimal production conditions through two Box–Behnken designs to produce, by enzymatic hydrolysis (using subtilisin and corolase), hydrolysates rich in proteins and with bioactive properties. The factorial design allowed for the evaluation of the effects of three factors (hydrolysis temperature, enzyme ratio, and hydrolysis time) on protein/peptides release as well as antioxidant and anti-hypertensive properties of the hydrolysates. The hydrolysates produced using the optimised conditions using the subtilisin protease showed 45.0 ± 0.38% of protein, antioxidant activity via ORAC method of 485.63 ± 60.65 µmol TE/g of hydrolysate, and an IC50 for the inhibition of ACE of 1.0 ± 0.56 mg of protein/mL. The hydrolysates produced using corolase showed 46.35 ± 1.12% of protein, antioxidant activity of 389.48 ± 0.21 µmol TE/g of hydrolysate, and an IC50 for the inhibition of ACE of 3.7 ± 0.33 mg of protein/mL. Mussel meat losses and waste can be used as a source of hydrolysates rich in peptides with relevant bioactive properties, and showing potential for use as ingredients in different industries, such as food and cosmetics, contributing to a circular economy and reducing world waste.
- Microalgae, a potential source of protein and bioactive peptidesPublication . Cunha, Sara; Coscueta, Ezequiel; Castro, Rita de; Silva, Joana Laranjeira; Pintado, Manuela
- Valorisation of mussel mytilus galloprovincialis meat waste to produce bioactive extracts by enzymatic hydrolysisPublication . Cunha, Sara; Castro, Rita de; Coscueta, Ezequiel; Pintado, ManuelaMytilus galloprovincialis is a mussel consumed and appreciated in several countries. However, its commercialization is associated with waste generation since they are submitted to a preselection before being delivered for sale. This results to the rejection of broken mussels or mussels with size out of the established criteria in the target market. Mussel meat is rich in proteins and has been described as a source of bioactive peptides with interesting properties for food and cosmetic industries. In this work small sized or broken mussels were submitted to enzymatic hydrolysis with a subtilisin protease, testing different conditions to maximize the production of an extract rich in proteins and bioactive peptides. First, the mussel meat was homogenised in a mincer and then submitted to enzymatic hydrolysis with subtilisin, using different combinations of temperature, enzyme concentration and incubation time. The different combinations were stablished using a Box-Behnken experimental design, and their efficacy was achieved by analysing the effect of the three factors on protein release, antioxidant and anti-hypertensive properties. The protein content of each extract was determined by Kjeldahl, the antioxidant activity by oxygen-radical absorbance-capacity (ORAC) assay and anti-hypertensive property by the inhibition method of Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (iACE). The experimental design results were evaluated using statgraphic centurion software. The optimal extraction conditions achieved were the incubation of homogenised mussel meat with 1.5% of enzyme at 52ºC for 3 hours. A scale up extraction was made using the optimized conditions and the resulting extract showed a protein content of 45%, an antioxidant activity of 426 μmol TE/g of extract and the ability inhibiting ACE with an IC50 of 1 mg of protein / mL. Thus, the use of discarded mussels to produce functional ingredients for food, cosmetic and pharmaceutic industries may contribute to valorise world waste in a circular economy context.