Browsing by Author "Brito, Rodrigo"
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- Commensality constitutes communalism: producing emergent bonds in experimental small groups by sharing food and drinkPublication . Brito, Rodrigo; Waldzus, Sven; Schubert, Thomas Wolfgang; Sekerdej, Maciej; Louceiro, Ana; Simão, CláudiaRelational models theory provides an alternative framework to study group and intergroup processes. One of four models people use to constitute groups is communal sharing (CS). Ethnographic and experimental evidence suggests that CS is produced by concrete and symbolic enactments of connections between bodies (cuddling, touching, synchronicity, commensality). We tested the effect of commensality on CS and ingroup favouritism in four Experiments with 3-person groups (total n = 330) and found that commensality enhances emergent group communal sharing but does not enhance ingroup favouritism. In Experiment 1, sharing food enhanced ingroup communal sharing but in Experiment 2 this effect was not significant. In Experiments 3 and 4, sharing water enhanced communal sharing, but only when served from the same bottle, implying consubstantial assimilation. Ingroup favouritism was not enhanced by commensality in any experiment, even when explicitly presented as exclusively ingroup (Experiment 2), suggesting non-comparative group formation through ingroup commensality.
- Data from the Human Penguin Project, a cross-national dataset testing social thermoregulation principlesPublication . Hu, Chuan Peng; Yin, Ji Xing; Lindenberg, Siegwart; Dalğar, İlker; Weissgerber, Sophia C.; Vergara, Rodrigo C.; Cairo, Athena H.; Čolić, Marija V.; Dursun, Pinar; Frankowska, Natalia; Hadi, Rhonda; Hall, Calvin J.; Hong, Youngki; Joy-Gaba, Jennifer; Lazarević, Dušanka; Lazarević, Ljiljana B.; Parzuchowski, Michal; Ratner, Kyle G.; Rothman, David; Sim, Samantha; Simão, Cláudia; Song, Mengdi; Stojilović, Darko; Blomster, Johanna K.; Brito, Rodrigo; Hennecke, Marie; Jaume-Guazzini, Francisco; Schubert, Thomas W.; Schütz, Astrid; Seibt, Beate; Zickfeld, Janis H.; IJzerman, HansIn the Human Penguin Project (N = 1755), 15 research groups from 12 countries collected body temperature, demographic variables, social network indices, seven widely-used psychological scales and two newly developed questionnaires (the Social Thermoregulation and Risk Avoidance Questionnaire (STRAQ-1) and the Kama Muta Frequency Scale (KAMF)). They were collected to investigate the relationship between environmental factors (e.g., geographical, climate etc.) and human behaviors, which is a long-standing inquiry in the scientific community. More specifically, the present project was designed to test principles surrounding the idea of social thermoregulation, which posits that social networks help people to regulate their core body temperature. The results showed that all scales in the current project have sufficient to good psychometrical properties. Unlike previous crowdsourced projects, this dataset includes not only the cleaned raw data but also all the validation of questionnaires in 9 different languages, thus providing a valuable resource for psychological scientists who are interested in cross-national, environment-human interaction studies.
- Keeping in touch with context: non-verbal behavior as a manifestation of communality and dominancePublication . Sekerdej, Maciej; Simão, Cláudia; Waldzus, Sven; Brito, RodrigoThis research investigated the influence of observed touch on the perceptions of communality and dominance in dyadic interactions. We manipulated four key situational features of haptic behavior in two experiments: the initiation, reciprocity, the degree of formality of touch (Studies 1 and 2), and the context of the interaction (Study 2). The results showed that the default perception of touch, irrespective of whether it is initiated or reciprocated, is the communal intention of the toucher. Furthermore, the initiation of touch was seen as an act of dominance, particularly, when the contact between the actors was primed as being hierarchical. Reciprocation neutralized the perceived asymmetry in dominance, but such inferences seemed to hinge on the fit of the touch with the context: reciprocation of formal touch reduced the asymmetry in the hierarchical context, whereas reciprocation of informal touch reduced the asymmetry in the non-hierarchical context.