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Efficacy of lignin from grape stalks in the sustainable management of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne luci
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Root-knot nematodes (RKN, Meloidogyne spp.) cause substantial agricultural losses worldwide, and sustainable alternatives to synthetic nematicides are needed. This study evaluated the potential bionematicidal effects of two formulations based on micronized and nanoformulated lignin extracted from grape stalks via alkaline extraction and deep eutectic solvent (DES) methods against the RKN M. luci . In vitro assays revealed that micronized lignin achieved moderate second-stage juveniles (J2) mortality (maximum 66.5% at 30 mg/mL). Lignin nanoparticles (LigNPs) markedly improved efficiency, causing 68.6% J2 mortality at 0.250 mg/mL (representing a 99% reduction in concentration). Alkaline LigNPs demonstrated high J2 hatching inhibition (87.8% at 0.468 mg/mL), while DES LigNPs induced 44.6% inhibition at 0.250 mg/mL. Soil assays, performed to confirm in vitro results, revealed differential performance: J2 mortality decreased substantially (31.8% for DES at 0.5 mg/mL, negligible for alkaline at 0.94 mg/mL), likely due to adsorption in soil and reduced bioavailability. However, DES LigNPs maintained significant J2 hatching inhibition in soil (66.9% at 0.5 mg/mL), suggesting their potential for preventive applications. Hypothetical nematicidal mechanisms are discussed. Although requiring higher concentrations than metallic nanoparticles, lignin offers advantages including biodegradability, agricultural waste valorisation, and environmental safety. This first demonstration of LigNPs as bionematicides establishes a foundation for developing new sustainable RKN management strategies based on agricultural byproducts.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Agro-food residues Bionematicide Lignin nanoparticles Plant-parasitic nematodes
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Academic Press