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Full-scale multipurpose ozonation in urban wastewater with strong textile input: removal of colour, micropollutants, pathogens and antimicrobial resistance indicators

2026-12-01Artigo de investigação Acesso embargado
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datacite.subject.sdg06:Água Potável e Saneamento
datacite.subject.sdg09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas
datacite.subject.sdg11:Cidades e Comunidades Sustentáveis
dc.contributor.authorCampinas, Margarida
dc.contributor.authorVaz-Moreira, Ivone
dc.contributor.authorViegas, Rui M. C.
dc.contributor.authorMesquita, Elsa
dc.contributor.authorRibeiro, Diana
dc.contributor.authorRuivo, Afonso
dc.contributor.authorSoares, Joana
dc.contributor.authorPaíga, Paula
dc.contributor.authorDelerue-Matos, Cristina
dc.contributor.authorFaria, Gabriela
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Catarina
dc.contributor.authorCosta, Cláudio
dc.contributor.authorManaia, Célia M.
dc.contributor.authorRosa, Maria João
dc.date.accessioned2026-09-04T16:10:43Z
dc.date.available2026-09-04T16:10:43Z
dc.date.issued2026-12-01
dc.description.abstractUnderstanding multipurpose ozonation performance under realistic and variable wastewater conditions is critical for investment decisions under the revised EU Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (EU-UWWTD). As most studies focuses on single treatment objectives or homogeneous municipal effluents, integrated evaluations are particularly needed for industry-influenced wastewaters, where ozone reactivity and process efficiency can differ markedly. This study aims to provide a holistic assessment of full-scale ozonation by simultaneously investigating the responses of chemical and biological contaminants, as well as microbial community dynamics, to variable ozone doses applied primarily for textile colour control. To our knowledge, this is one of the first integrated full-scale studies of ozonation in a strongly textile-influenced urban WWTP (51% of total inflow). Ozonation performance was assessed through three full-scale experimental campaigns, each evaluating three ozone doses in the range of 0.4–1.0 mg O₃/mg TOC. The study evaluated colour removal, micropollutant abatement, pathogen and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) indicators reduction, by-product formation, acute toxicity and surrogate parameters for process monitoring. Ozonation had little effect on bulk organic parameters but achieved 50–84% colour removal and near-complete elimination of terrestrial humic-like fluorescence. High organic matter content and colour constrained ozone exposure, shifting micropollutant abatement towards predominantly OH-driven oxidation. Nevertheless, ozonation alone achieved ≥80% removal of the monitored micropollutants at ozone doses ≥0.65 mg O₃/mg C, indicating its major contribution towards EU-UWWTD compliance targets. Somatic coliphages and bacteria log-reductions ranged from 0.9 to >2.3 and from 0.2 to 1.2, respectively. Acute toxicity was reduced, whereas AMR gene abundance showed limited sensitivity to ozone dose. Post-treatment microbial regrowth was observed, particularly at higher ozone doses, including bacterial groups carrying resistance genes, suggesting a selection-like process. Operational surrogate indicators (A254, A436, colour-scan and PARAFAC components) were identified/validated to support process monitoring and EU-UWWTD implementation in complex wastewater matrices.eng
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.desal.2026.120539
dc.identifier.eid105046710600
dc.identifier.other7aaefeb3-1247-4a9c-9f18-b79d4d0c1a7e
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/59273
dc.identifier.wos001848160700001
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectFull-scale ozonationeng
dc.subjectTextile-influenced wastewatereng
dc.subjectOzone and hydroxyl radical exposureeng
dc.subjectMicropollutantseng
dc.subjectAntimicrobial resistanceeng
dc.subjectDisinfectioneng
dc.subjectMonitoring indicatorseng
dc.subjectEU urban wastewater treatment directiveeng
dc.titleFull-scale multipurpose ozonation in urban wastewater with strong textile input: removal of colour, micropollutants, pathogens and antimicrobial resistance indicators
dc.typeresearch article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.volume639
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85

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