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Growth, appetite regulation, intestine health, and functionality of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) fed different oilseed-based diets
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
The growing inclusion of plant feedstuffs (PF) in aquafeeds has driven the partial replacement of fishmeal, with oilseed meals such as soybean, rapeseed, and sunflower among the most widely used, although they differ markedly in nutritional composition, particularly in their carbohydrate fractions. Within this context, this study investigated the effects of different oilseed-based diets on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) growth performance, feed utilization, liver composition and index, diets' apparent digestibility, plasma metabolites, gut morphology and immune-related gene expression, digesta short-chain fatty acids, and appetite-related gene expression. For that purpose, fish were fed diets containing either 30% soybean, rapeseed, sunflower, a mix of the three, or a control diet without oilseed ingredients (fish meal, corn gluten, wheat meal and gluten) for 65 days. The experimental diets did not affect growth, feed efficiency and body composition. Fish fed the Sunflower diet exhibited the lowest hepatosomatic index, liver lipid and glycogen levels, plasma glucose, and apparent digestibility coefficients for energy and lipids. Plasma triglycerides were higher in fish fed the Soybean and Rapeseed diets, while plasma cholesterol was increased in fish fed the Soybean and Sunflower diets. Digestive enzyme activity (amylase and lipase) was higher in fish fed the Rapeseed diet. While immune-related gene expression was not affected by dietary treatment, intestine morphology presented minimal changes, namely decreased goblet cell number and increased supranuclear vacuolization in fish fed the Soybean diet. Acetate concentration was higher in the gut of fish fed Sunflower and Soybean than in other diets. Intestine peptide YY and hypothalamus cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (cart) expression were increased in fish fed Soybean, Sunflower, and Mix diets (except for cart in Soybean diet). In conclusion, diets with up to 30% oilseed inclusion supported normal growth of gilthead seabream juveniles and did not induce gut health disruption. However, the dietary carbohydrate profile influenced hepatic energy storage, nutrient utilization, and selected appetite-related molecular responses. These findings provide insight into potential diet–host interactions associated with oilseed-based formulations.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Carbohydrates Metabolism Non-starch polysaccharides Plant feedstuffs Short-chain fatty acid
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Elsevier B.V.