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Humoral and T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 reveal insights into immunity during the early pandemic period in Pakistan

2023-12Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorMasood, Kiran Iqbal
dc.contributor.authorQaiser, Shama
dc.contributor.authorAbidi, Syed Hani
dc.contributor.authorKhan, Erum
dc.contributor.authorMahmood, Syed Faisal
dc.contributor.authorHussain, Areeba
dc.contributor.authorGhous, Zara
dc.contributor.authorImtiaz, Khekahsan
dc.contributor.authorAli, Natasha
dc.contributor.authorHasan, Muhammad
dc.contributor.authorMemon, Haris Ali
dc.contributor.authorYameen, Maliha
dc.contributor.authorAli, Shiza
dc.contributor.authorBaloch, Sadaf
dc.contributor.authorLakhani, Gulzar
dc.contributor.authorAlves, Paula M.
dc.contributor.authorIqbal, Najeeha Talat
dc.contributor.authorAhmed, Kumail
dc.contributor.authorIqbal, Junaid
dc.contributor.authorBhutta, Zulfiqar A.
dc.contributor.authorHussain, Rabia
dc.contributor.authorRottenberg, Martin
dc.contributor.authorSimas, J. Pedro
dc.contributor.authorVeldhoen, Marc
dc.contributor.authorGhias, Kulsoom
dc.contributor.authorHasan, Zahra
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-13T15:39:29Z
dc.date.available2023-12-13T15:39:29Z
dc.date.issued2023-12
dc.description.abstractBackground: Protection against SARS-CoV-2 is mediated by humoral and T cell responses. Pakistan faced relatively low morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 through the pandemic. To examine the role of prior immunity in the population, we studied IgG antibody response levels, virus neutralizing activity and T cell reactivity to Spike protein in a healthy control group (HG) as compared with COVID-19 cases and individuals from the pre-pandemic period (PP). Methods: HG and COVID-19 participants were recruited between October 2020 and May 2021. Pre-pandemic sera was collected before 2018. IgG antibodies against Spike and its Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) were determined by ELISA. Virus neutralization activity was determined using a PCR-based micro-neutralization assay. T cell – IFN-γ activation was assessed by ELISpot. Results: Overall, the magnitude of anti-Spike IgG antibody levels as well as seropositivity was greatest in COVID-19 cases (90%) as compared with HG (39.8%) and PP (12.2%). During the study period, Pakistan experienced three COVID-19 waves. We observed that IgG seropositivity to Spike in HG increased from 10.3 to 83.5% during the study, whilst seropositivity to RBD increased from 7.5 to 33.3%. IgG antibodies to Spike and RBD were correlated positively in all three study groups. Virus neutralizing activity was identified in sera of COVID-19, HG and PP. Spike reactive T cells were present in COVID-19, HG and PP groups. Individuals with reactive T cells included those with and without IgG antibodies to Spike. Conclusions: Antibody and T cell responses to Spike protein in individuals from the pre-pandemic period suggest prior immunity against SARS-CoV-2, most likely from cross-reactive responses. The rising seroprevalence observed in healthy individuals through the pandemic without known COVID-19 may be due to the activation of adaptive immunity from cross-reactive memory B and T cells. This may explain the more favourable COVID-19 outcomes observed in this population.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s12879-023-08829-1pt_PT
dc.identifier.eid85178184900
dc.identifier.issn1471-2334
dc.identifier.pmcPMC10691108
dc.identifier.pmid38041026
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/43333
dc.identifier.wos001123310900002
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectIgGpt_PT
dc.subjectInterferon-gammapt_PT
dc.subjectReceptor binding domainpt_PT
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2pt_PT
dc.subjectSpikept_PT
dc.subjectT cellspt_PT
dc.titleHumoral and T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 reveal insights into immunity during the early pandemic period in Pakistanpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue1pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleBMC Infectious Diseasespt_PT
oaire.citation.volume23pt_PT
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT

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