Católica Biomedical Research Centre (CBR)
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Browsing Católica Biomedical Research Centre (CBR) by Subject "Amazon basin"
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- Travel-associated international spread of Oropouche virus beyond the AmazonPublication . Iani, Felipe Campos de Melo; Pereira, Felicidade Mota; Oliveira, Elaine Cristina de; Rodrigues, Janete Taynã Nascimento; Machado, Mariza Hoffmann; Fonseca, Vagner; Adelino, Talita Emile Ribeiro; Guimarães, Natalia Rocha; Tomé, Luiz Marcelo Ribeiro; Gómez, Marcela Kelly Astete; Nardy, Vanessa Brandão; Ribeiro, Adriana Aparecida; Rosewell, Alexander; Ferreira, Álvaro Gil A.; Mello, Arabela Leal e Silva de; Fernandes, Brenda Machado Moura; Albuquerque, Carlos Frederico Campelo de; Pereira, Dejanira dos Santos; Pimentel, Eline Carvalho; Lima, Fábio Guilherme Mesquita; Silva, Fernanda Viana Moreira; Pereira, Glauco de Carvalho; Tegally, Houriiyah; Almeida, Júlia Deffune Profeta Cidin; Moreno, Keldenn Melo Farias; Vasconcelos, Klaucia Rodrigues; Santos, Leandro Cavalcante; Silva, Lívia Cristina Machado; Frutuoso, Livia C. V.; Lamounier, Ludmila Oliveira; Costa, Mariana Araújo; Oliveira, Marília Santini de; Anjos, Marlei Pickler Dediasi dos; Ciccozzi, Massimo; Lima, Maurício Teixeira; Pereira, Maira Alves; Rocha, Marília Lima Cruz; Silva, Paulo Eduardo de Souza da; Rabinowitz, Peter M.; Almeida, Priscila Souza de; Lessells, Richard; Gazzinelli, Ricardo T.; Cunha, Rivaldo Venancio da; Gonçalves, Sabrina; Santos, Sara Cândida Ferreira dos; Belettini, Senele Ana de Alcântara; Pedroso, Silvia Helena Sousa Pietra; Araújo, Sofia Isabel Rótulo; Silva, Stephanni Figueiredo da; Croda, Julio; Maciel, Ethel; Voorhis, Wes Van; Martin, Darren P.; Holmes, Edward C.; Oliveira, Tulio de; Lourenço, José; Alcantara, Luiz Carlos Junior; Giovanetti, MartaOropouche virus (OROV), first detected in Trinidad and Tobago in 1955, was historically confined to the Brazilian Amazon Basin. However, since late 2022, an increasing number of OROV cases have been reported across various regions of Brazil as well as in urban centers in Bolivia, Ecuador, Guyana, Colombia, Cuba, Panama, and Peru. In collaboration with Central Public Health Laboratories across Brazil, we integrated epidemiological metadata with genomic analyses from recent cases, generating 133 whole-genome sequences covering the virus’s three genomic segments (L, M, and S). These include the first genomes from regions outside the Amazon and from the first recorded fatal cases. Phylogenetic analyses show that the 2024 OROV genomes form a monophyletic group with sequences from the Amazon Basin sampled since 2022, revealing a rapid north-to-south viral movement into historically non-endemic areas. We identified 21 reassortment events, though it remains unclear whether these genomic changes have facilitated viral adaptation to local ecological conditions or contributed to phenotypic traits of public health significance. Our findings demonstrate how OROV has evolved through reassortment and spread rapidly across multiple states in Brazil, leading to the largest outbreak ever recorded outside the Amazon and the first confirmed fatalities. Additionally, by analysing travel-related cases, we provide the first insights into the international spread of OROV beyond Brazil, further highlighting the role of human mobility in its dissemination. The virus’s recent rapid geographic expansion and the emergence of severe cases emphasize the urgent need for enhanced surveillance across the Americas. In the absence of significant human population changes over the past two years, factors such as viral adaptation, deforestation, and climate shifts—either individually or in combination— may have facilitated the spread of OROV beyond the Amazon Basin through both local and travel-associated transmission.