Browsing by Author "Sousa, Jacinta"
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- Leadership cycles, styles, and antecedent factors: the perspective of coaches and young soccer athletes from national Slovak leaguesPublication . Lisá, Elena; Sousa, Jacinta; Morais, Catarina; Gomes, António RuiIntroduction: Building positive relationships and interactions between coaches and athletes is critical to an athlete’s success. The current study aimed to overview how coaches and their young athletes perceive three elements of the Leadership Efficacy Model (philosophy, practice, and criteria). The aim was examined with four goals of analysis: the perceptions of coaches and athletes about coaches’ leadership philosophy, practice, and criteria (1); the differences between athletes’ and coaches’ perceptions of leadership cycles (2); the differences between athletes’ and coaches’ perceptions of leadership styles (3); and the differences between athletes’ and coaches’ perceptions of leadership antecedent factors (4). Methods: The study involved 304 athletes and 20 coaches competing in the youth national leagues U15, U16, U17, and U19. Two-source data collection was applied: coaches completed the questionnaires from their point of view, and so did athletes. The coaches were paired then with their athletes to compare the answers. Coaches fulfilled Leadership Cycles Questionnaire (LEQ), Multidimensional Scale of Leadership in Sport (MSLS), and Leadership Antecedent Factors Questionnaire (LAFQ). Athletes completed the same questionnaires as the coaches did and also fulfilled the Sport Performance Perception Questionnaire (SPPQ). Athletes’ age and SPPQ served as control variables. Results: Both athletes (37.5%) and coaches (40%) perceived that the philosophy of the leadership efficacy model should be increased. Coaches evaluated their philosophy (F = 4.43; p = 0.036; η2 = 0.014), support in MSLS (F = 5.05; p = 0.025; η2 = 0.016) and active management in MSLS (F = 4.08; p = 0.044; η2 = 0.013) higher than their athletes. The athletes assessed the maturity of the team members (LAFQ dimension) (F = 13.98; p <0.001; η2 = 0.044), negative feedback in MSLS (F = 6.02; p = 0.015; η2 = 0.020), and passive management in MSLS (F = 4.95; p = 0.027; η2 = 0.016) higher than their coaches. Discussion: The tendency of coaches to have a more positive perception of their leadership behavior compared to their athletes represents the coach-athlete perception gap of leadership. Future research can examine the efficacy of congruent perceptions of leadership between athletes and coaches during the sports season and the impact produced by objective performance indicators.
- Leadership efficacy, perceived sport performance, and satisfaction with leadership of competitive athletesPublication . Sousa, Jacinta; Morais, Catarina; Gomes, A. Rui; Simães, Clara; Abreu, Andrés; Resende, RuiThe Leadership Efficacy Model is an integrative approach that considers three distinct factors involved in leadership efficacy that simultaneously contribute to explaining leadership efficacy (i.e., Optimized Congruence Hypothesis; OCH): leadership cycles, leadership styles, and antecedent factors of leadership. This study tested the OCH by evaluating the relationship between leadership cycles and the perception of sport performance (individual and team) and satisfaction with leadership, considering also the influence of leadership styles and antecedent factors of leadership. It also tested the invariance of the OCH according to athletes’ gender and type of sport. The study included 255 athletes (146 women) playing basketball or volleyball competitively. Results indicated the need for coaches to explain leadership cycles further to their athletes and confirmed the OCH for perception of individual sport performance and satisfaction with leadership. This relationship was mediated by leadership styles and antecedent factors, regardless of athletes’ gender and type of sport. In summary, coaches should consider the leadership cycles, styles, and antecedent factors of leadership to increase their efficacy.
- Liderança, equipas, rendimento e comprometimento organizacional: estudo sobre método SCRUMPublication . Ribeiro, Ana Rita; Gomes, António Rui Silva; Morais, Catarina; Sousa, Jacinta; Fontes, LilianaEste estudo analisou a relação entre os estilos de liderança e três dimensões da atividade profissional (trabalho em equipa, rendimento profissional e comprometimento organizacional), numa empresa multinacional que utiliza o método Scrum. Mais concretamente: (a) comparou-se a perceção dos membros de equipa acerca da liderança de dois responsáveis de equipa; (b) comparou-se a perceção dos membros de equipa com a perceção dos dois responsáveis de equipa, sobre a sua própria liderança; e (c) analisou-se o valor preditivo dos estilos de liderança nas dimensões de atividade profissional. Participaram no estudo 166 profissionais. Os resultados demonstraram: (a) responsáveis de equipa foram avaliados de forma semelhante pelos membros da equipa, embora um dos responsáveis seja avaliado como assumindo mais comportamentos transformacionais; (b) responsáveis de equipa autoavaliaram a sua liderança de forma mais positiva que os membros da equipa; e (c) dimensões de feedback positivo e gestão ativa explicaram as dimensões da atividade profissional.
- Perfis de envolvimento parental no futebol juvenil: um estudo com jovens atletasPublication . Branco, Catarina; Gomes, A. Rui; Morais, Catarina; Fontes, Liliana; Sousa, JacintaEste estudo analisou as diferenças na perceção dos atletas acerca dos comportamentos parentais, considerando também a importância do escalão desportivo dos atletas. Além disso, foi analisado se diferentes perfis de envolvimento parental, segundo a avaliação dos atletas aos seus pais, correspondiam a diferenças na orientação motivacional e na perceção de rendimento dos jovens atletas. Participaram no estudo 292 atletas do sexo masculino com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e 19 anos (M = 15.0; DP = 1.5), praticantes de futebol no campeonato nacional. Foram aplicados três instrumentos, (1) Questionário de Comportamentos Parentais no Desporto; (2) Escala de Objetivos de Realização no Desporto Juvenil; (3) Questionário de Perceção de Rendimento Desportivo. Os resultados indicaram (a) diferenças na perceção de comportamentos do pai e da mãe separadamente, sendo que, a perceção dos atletas variou em função do seu escalão desportivo; e (b) a orientação motivacional e a perceção de rendimento variaram em função do perfil de envolvimento parental percebido. Em suma, os resultados demonstram a importância do envolvimento parental no desporto juvenil, devendo este fator ser considerado pelos profissionais que intervêm junto dos jovens atletas.