Browsing by Author "Pereira, Sofia Almeida"
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- Current challenges and future perspectives for the full circular economy of water in European countriesPublication . Koseoglu-Imer, Derya Y.; Oral, Hasan Volkan; Calheiros, Cristina Sousa Coutinho; Krzeminski, Pawel; Güçlü, Serkan; Pereira, Sofia Almeida; Surmacz-Górska, Joanna; Plaza, Elzbieta; Samaras, Petros; Binder, Pablo Martin; Hullebusch, Eric D. van; Devolli, AriolaThis paper reviews the current problems and prospects to overcome circular water economy management challenges in European countries. The geopolitical paradigm of water, the water economy, water innovation, water management and regulation in Europe, environmental and safety concerns at water reuse, and technological solutions for water recovery are all covered in this review, which has been prepared in the frame of the COST ACTION (CA, 20133) FULLRECO4US, Working Group (WG) 4. With a Circular Economy approach to water recycling and recovery based on this COST Action, this review paper aims to develop novel, futuristic solutions to overcome the difficulties that the European Union (EU) is currently facing. The detailed review of the current environmental barriers and upcoming difficulties for water reuse in Europe with a Circular Economy vision is another distinctive aspect of this study. It is observed that the biggest challenge in using and recycling water from wastewater treatment plants is dealing with technical, social, political, and economic issues. For instance, geographical differences significantly affect technological problems, and it is effective in terms of social acceptance of the reuse of treated water. Local governmental organizations should support and encourage initiatives to expand water reuse, particularly for agricultural and industrial uses across all of Europe. It should not also be disregarded that the latest hydro politics approach to water management will actively contribute to addressing the issues associated with water scarcity.
- Investigating how extreme events trigger nexus effects and developing a nexus methodological framework to increase resiliencePublication . Kofinas, Dimitris; Melek Kazezyılmaz-Alhan, Cevza; Adamos, Giannis; Caucci, Serena; Radjenovic, Tamara; Dordević, Dejana; Dasic, Tina; Calheiros, Cristina; Nikolova, Nina; Vasovic, Dejan; Likar, Dijana; Lazreg, Messaoud; Hewelke, Edyta; Guzman, Jairo; Nones, Michael; Milliken, Sarah; Rajic, Milena; Spyropoulou, Alexandra; Akın, Müge; Koca, Kemal; Perić, Mirela Sertić; Demirezen, Kaan Ilker; Chatzistefanou, Georgios Alexandros; Falda, Marco; Pereira, Sofia Almeida; Liu, Hai-Ying; Rivera, Carlos Felipe Marin; Balatsoukas, Argyrios; Suskevics, Monika; Domínguez-Soberanes, Julieta; Taiwo, Bamgboye; Vasilić, Violeta; Pineda-Martos, Rocio; Zekker, Ivar; Munaretto, Stefania; Brouwer, Floor; Laspidou, ChrysiClimate change is already increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme events, significantly impacting human societies wellbeing and resilience. This is particularly exacerbated by trends in population growth, urbanization, and land use changes, which often increase the vulnerability and exposure of human systems. In addition, the complexity of modern human systems, such as the interconnectedness of critical entities that support them, makes urban settings especially susceptible to domino effects triggered by a single initial shock. The aim of this study is to understand and assess the Nexus effects of extreme events related to climate and other natural hazards, such as earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis. An extended Water-Energy-Food Nexus schema is considered, incorporating Ecosystems, Climate, Soil, Transportation, Land Use, Health, and Information and Communication Technologies. The analysis synthesizes practical case studies of actual extreme events that have occurred over the last few decades, primarily in Europe. It considers the implications across three timescales: short-term, mid-term, and long-term. This study employs a modified Nexus-oriented literature review approach, examining nine different types of extreme events, i.e. droughts, earthquakes, floods, heatwaves, landslides, tornadoes, tsunamis, volcanoes, and wildfires. A minimum of three case studies is analyzed for each type of extreme event. For each case study, the Nexus tree approach is applied. The synthesis of the Nexus trees for each extreme event will create the Nexus signature of that specific event. Based on these signatures, an inventory of recommendations for decoupling the nexus interlinkages will be developed. These recommendations will be categorized into operational, tactical, and strategic levels, corresponding to the three impact horizons. Special focus will be given to the implementation of Nature-based Solutions. The ultimate ambition of the NEXUSNET taskforce is to provide tangible tools and capacity to improve urban resilience against climate change-induced and other extreme events.