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Percorrer por autor "Chuprom, Julalak"

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  • Development of a novel encystment medium: enhancing diagnostic potential of Acanthamoeba spp.
    Publication . Chuprom, Julalak; Sangkanu, Suthinee; Mitsuwan, Watcharapong; Boonhok, Rachasak; Paul, Alok K.; Oliveira, Sonia M. Rodrigues; Pereira, Maria L.; Jimoh, Tajudeen O.; Rahmatullah, Mohammed; Wilairatana, Polrat; Wiart, Christophe; Verma, Ajoy K.; Nissapatorn, Veeranoot
    Background and Aim: Acanthamoeba spp. are pathogenic microorganisms linked to severe infections in humans and animals, requiring a deeper understanding of their encystation process for effective diagnostics and research. This study focused on developing a novel encystment medium to induce synchronized encystation of Acanthamoeba spp. efficiently and rapidly. Materials and Methods: The study employed response surface methodology with a central composite design to optimize the encystment medium formulation. The key components included Tris-HCl, NaCl, glucose, and MgCl2 . The optimized liquid medium was spray-dried to produce a dehydrated powder for practical application. The encystation efficiency of different Acanthamoeba strains was assessed using hemocytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Results: The optimized medium, comprising 3.152 g/L Tris-HCl, 5.55 g/L NaCl, 8% (w/v) glucose, and 5.0 mM MgCl2 at pH 9.0, demonstrated exceptional encystation efficiency with rates ranging from 99% to 100%. A spray-dried powdered version of this medium was equally effective, achieving a 98.77% encystation rate for A. castellanii American Type Culture Collection 50739 in glucose-free conditions. Notably, optimal glucose concentrations varied among Acanthamoeba strains, with certain strains reaching maximum encystation at 6–8% glucose. Conclusion: This study successfully developed an innovative encystment medium that promotes rapid and efficient cyst production in Acanthamoeba spp. The medium enhances laboratory research and diagnostic capabilities, paving the way for future advancements in understanding and managing Acanthamoeba infections.
    2025-01-01Artigo de investigação Desconhecido Ver mais
  • Malaria: the importance of phytochemicals as sources of alternative medicines
    Publication . Yu-Ping, Lau; Mendonca, Diana; Sheng-Khai, Lau; Phan-Sing, Yu Audrey; Chimplee, Siriphorn; Chuprom, Julalak; Boonhok, Rachasak; Mahboob, Tooba; Oliveira, Sonia M. R.; Rajagopal, Mogana; Pereira, Maria L.; Girol, Ana P.; Nissapatorn, Veeranoot
    Malaria is a zoonotic disease caused by parasites from the Plasmodium genus. This parasite is transmitted to humans when bitten by female Anopheles mosquitos. Five species of Plasmodium are known to infect humans: P. malariae, P. ovale, P. knowlesi, P. falciparum, and P. vivax. Of these, P. falciparum is associated with the highest probability of severe infection. This parasite's lifecycle involves a sexual stage and an asexual stage. The first takes place in the mosquito and the second in humans. The diagnosis of malaria can be done by microscopy, rapid diagnostic tests or molecular methods, the latter being the most accurate. As for the treatment of this disease, artemisinin, chloroquine, primaquine, and tafenoquine are the principal components used in today's available treatments. Vaccination is also an important factor in the fight against malaria, and, presently, there are two available vaccines, RTS, S/AS01 and R21/Matrix-M. Several phytochemicals effective against malaria are also found in plant species used in traditional medicine. Examples are Azadirachta indica, Gossypium barbadense, Toddalia asiatica, Alstonia scholaris, Carica papaya, Andrographis paniculata, and Strychnos ligustrina. Furthermore, compounds from three wild nutmeg species have also been proven effective against P. falciparum. The medicinal properties of phytochemicals like alkaloids, phenolic compounds and terpenes have even allowed the investigation of drug-resistant malaria strains. When it comes to preventing malaria transmission, insecticide treated nests and indoor residual spraying have been proven to reduce transmission rates. For pregnant women, intermittent preventive treatment of malaria is also recommended. The need for the development of innovative treatment and prevention strategies is urgent due to the emergence of resistant strains. Hence, we present an overview of the available treatment and prevention strategies currently approved and employed while focusing on the potential of phytochemicals as targets for further studies that can lead to the development of new medicines.
    2024-07-31Artigo científico Desconhecido Ver mais