Authors
Abstract(s)
O Polietileno Tereftalato (PET) é o principal polímero para a produção de garrafas de água e refrigerantes, sendo cada vez mais importante, no contexto global, o combate ao desperdício e descarte através da reciclagem deste importante recurso. Neste trabalho, seis resinas processo mecânicos aprovados pela EFSA foram avaliadas. As propriedades de cor, viscosidade intrínseca, temperatura de fusão, concentração de benzeno, limoneno, oligómeros e substâncias não intencionalmente adicionadas (NIAS) foram avaliadas. No que toca à determinação das concentrações de Benzeno, Limoneno e Oligómeros, foram encontrados valores superiores comparativamente ao reportado em bibliografia. As concentrações obtidas foram de 30 – 410 μg kg-1 PET para o benzeno, 20 – 66 μg kg-1 PET para o limoneno; 52 – 78 mg kg-1 PET para o dímero e 999 – 1394 mg kg-1 PET para o trímero. A concentração de NIAS detetada nas resinas conduz a um nível de exposição estimado (considerando uma garrafa de 8,5 g e 0,3 L) inferior ao correspondente à Classe 3 de Cramer da abordagem TTC para o limite de risco toxicológico. A análise estatística dos dados pelo modelo paramétrico univariado agrupou as amostras em 3 sub-grupos de homogeneidade: o primeiro grupo compreende as amostras IN, NO e F, o segundo as amostras F, FBL e BA e o terceiro a amostra MO. A análise por componentes independentes (ICA) confirmou alguns dos resultados deste teste. Foi possível verificar a similaridade das amostras MO e BA pelos conteúdos em nonanal, F e FBL pelo etilhexilacetato, dodecano e o difenil éter e as amostras FBL e IN pelo farneceno. A amostra NO foi a única que não apresentou correlação com as restantes.
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is the most important polymer for the production of bottles for water and soft drinks, being increasingly important globally to reduce waste by recycling this material. In this work, six PET resins from different mechanical recycling processes, with positive opinions from EFSA, were evaluated for the properties: color, intrinsic viscosity, melting temperature and for the concentration of benzene, limonene, oligomers, and non-intentionally added substances (NIAS). Regarding the determination of Benzene, Limonene, and Oligomers, the samples in study have higher concentration values than those found in the literature. The obtained concentrations are 30 – 410 μg kg-1 PET for benzene, 20 – 66 μg kg-1 PET, for limonene and 52 – 78 mg kg-1 PET for PET dimer and 999 – 1394 mg kg-1 PET for trimer. The unknowns and NIAS concentration detected in the resins, yield and estimated exposure levels (considering a bottle of 8,5 g and 0,3 L) lower than that corresponding to the Cramer Class 3 of TTC approach for toxicology risk. The statistical analysis by univariate approach grouped the samples into 3 subsets: one group including the samples IN, NO, and F, the second group including the samples F, FBL, and BA, and NO as the only sample in the third group. The ICA approach confirmed some results from the univariate model: it was found out that MO and BA correlate by nonanal, F and FBL by the ethylhexylacetate, dodecane and diphenyl ether, and FBL and IN by farnesene. NO showed no correlation with the remaining.
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is the most important polymer for the production of bottles for water and soft drinks, being increasingly important globally to reduce waste by recycling this material. In this work, six PET resins from different mechanical recycling processes, with positive opinions from EFSA, were evaluated for the properties: color, intrinsic viscosity, melting temperature and for the concentration of benzene, limonene, oligomers, and non-intentionally added substances (NIAS). Regarding the determination of Benzene, Limonene, and Oligomers, the samples in study have higher concentration values than those found in the literature. The obtained concentrations are 30 – 410 μg kg-1 PET for benzene, 20 – 66 μg kg-1 PET, for limonene and 52 – 78 mg kg-1 PET for PET dimer and 999 – 1394 mg kg-1 PET for trimer. The unknowns and NIAS concentration detected in the resins, yield and estimated exposure levels (considering a bottle of 8,5 g and 0,3 L) lower than that corresponding to the Cramer Class 3 of TTC approach for toxicology risk. The statistical analysis by univariate approach grouped the samples into 3 subsets: one group including the samples IN, NO, and F, the second group including the samples F, FBL, and BA, and NO as the only sample in the third group. The ICA approach confirmed some results from the univariate model: it was found out that MO and BA correlate by nonanal, F and FBL by the ethylhexylacetate, dodecane and diphenyl ether, and FBL and IN by farnesene. NO showed no correlation with the remaining.
Description
Keywords
Polietileno tereftalato (PET) Benzeno Limoneno Oligómeros Substâncias não intencionalmente adicionadas (NIAS) Materiais para contato com alimentos SPME-GCMS HS-GCMS Análise individual de componentes (ICA) Garrafas de água Reciclagem mecânica de PET Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Benzene Limonene Oligomers Non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) Food contact material Independent components analysis (ICA) Water bottles PET mechanical recycling