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Abstract(s)
A alteração levada a cabo pela mais recente Lei n.º 9/2022, de 11 de janeiro, surgiu
da necessidade de estabelecer medidas de apoio e agilização no âmbito dos processos de
reestruturação de empresas e dos acordos de pagamento, transpondo, para tal, a Diretiva
(UE) 2019/1023, do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho, de 20 de junho de 2019, e
alterando, entres outros, o Código da Insolvência e da Recuperação de Empresas. Em
consequência, o instituto do incidente da qualificação da insolvência foi uma das
temáticas de entre as várias que foram objeto daquela alteração legislativa, e que nos
despertou particular interesse.
A presente dissertação tem o objetivo de contribuir para a compreensão do “novo
regime” que foi instituído naquela matéria, e, simultaneamente, perceber que efeitos e
respetivos impactos diversos poderão advir e resultar daquelas alterações.
O interesse na presente temática assenta na fundamentalidade da qualificação da
insolvência para o interesse público, por tutelar a segurança jurídica do comércio jurídicoeconómico através da prevenção de condutas prejudiciais às empresas, e da reprovação
de comportamentos dolosos capazes de gerar insolvências, ou de, pelo menos, agravá-las.
De modo a alcançar aquele objetivo, abordamos o instituto da qualificação da
insolvência a três níveis: regime processual, regime substantivo, e efeitos.
A conclusão que retiramos das mais recentes alterações, revela um sentimento
ambíguo, de clarificação, mas também de confusão.
De todo o modo, temos de ter presente que a evolução do Direito é uma
consequência da própria evolução das sociedades, e até do próprio ser humano. Com
efeito, acreditamos que a intenção do legislador com a aprovação da Lei n.º 9/2022, de
11 de janeiro, tenha sido motivada pelas melhores intenções de preenchimento de lacunas,
e clarificação de questões que há muito vinham a ser debatidas na doutrina. No entanto,
o ser humano não é perfeito, nem o próprio legislador. E, tendo em conta esse facto,
apesar de algumas questões ainda terem ficado em aberto, acreditamos que o legislador,
futuramente, fará melhores escolhas, pelas quais ficaremos a aguardar.
The amendment made by the most recent Law 9/2022, of 11 January, arose from the need to establish support and streamlining measures in the context of company restructuring processes and payment agreements, transposing Directive (EU) 2019/1023, of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 20 June 2019, and amending, among others, the Insolvency and Corporate Recovery Code. As a result, the institute of the insolvency qualification incident was one of the topics among the several that were object of that legislative amendment, and that aroused our particular interest. The present dissertation aims to contribute to the understanding of the "new regime" which was instituted on this matter, and, simultaneously, to understand what effects and different impacts may arise from those changes. The interest in this topic is based on the fundamentality of the qualification of insolvency for the public interest, as it protects the legal security of legal-economic commerce through the prevention of conducts which are harmful to companies, and the reproving of wilful behaviour capable of generating insolvencies, or at least of aggravating them. In order to achieve that goal, we approach the institute of insolvency qualification at three levels: procedural regime, substantive regime and effects. The conclusion we draw from the most recent changes reveals an ambiguous feeling, of clarification, but also of confusion. In any case, we must bear in mind that the evolution of Law is a consequence of the evolution of societies and even of the human being itself. In fact, we believe that the legislator's intention with the approval of Law no. 9/2022, of 11 January, was motivated by the best intentions of filling gaps, and clarifying issues that had long been debated in the doctrine. However, human beings are not perfect, nor is the legislator himself. And, taking this fact into account, although some issues were still left open, we believe that in the future the legislator will make better choices, for which we will be waiting.
The amendment made by the most recent Law 9/2022, of 11 January, arose from the need to establish support and streamlining measures in the context of company restructuring processes and payment agreements, transposing Directive (EU) 2019/1023, of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 20 June 2019, and amending, among others, the Insolvency and Corporate Recovery Code. As a result, the institute of the insolvency qualification incident was one of the topics among the several that were object of that legislative amendment, and that aroused our particular interest. The present dissertation aims to contribute to the understanding of the "new regime" which was instituted on this matter, and, simultaneously, to understand what effects and different impacts may arise from those changes. The interest in this topic is based on the fundamentality of the qualification of insolvency for the public interest, as it protects the legal security of legal-economic commerce through the prevention of conducts which are harmful to companies, and the reproving of wilful behaviour capable of generating insolvencies, or at least of aggravating them. In order to achieve that goal, we approach the institute of insolvency qualification at three levels: procedural regime, substantive regime and effects. The conclusion we draw from the most recent changes reveals an ambiguous feeling, of clarification, but also of confusion. In any case, we must bear in mind that the evolution of Law is a consequence of the evolution of societies and even of the human being itself. In fact, we believe that the legislator's intention with the approval of Law no. 9/2022, of 11 January, was motivated by the best intentions of filling gaps, and clarifying issues that had long been debated in the doctrine. However, human beings are not perfect, nor is the legislator himself. And, taking this fact into account, although some issues were still left open, we believe that in the future the legislator will make better choices, for which we will be waiting.
Description
Keywords
Lei n.º 9/2022, de 11 de janeiro Incidente Qualificação da insolvência Tramitação Âmbito objetivo Âmbito subjetivo Efeitos da insolvência culposa Responsabilidade insolvencial Law 9/2022, 11 January Incident Qualification of insolvency Procedure Objective scope Subjective scope Effects of culpable insolvency Insolvency liability