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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A tese de doutoramento O Rei na Regeneração: Poderes constitucionais e
prática política (1852-1885), tem por objectivo identificar e compreender o papel
atribuído e exercido pelos reis constitucionais durante a época histórica da
Regeneração, desde 1852, ano do ato adicional que constitucionalizou os objectivos
do movimento político iniciado pelo pronunciamento do marechal duque de
Saldanha (1851), até 1885, data da aprovação do ato adicional que restringiu as
atribuições do poder moderador, e criou condições para solidificar a alternância
rotativa de dois grandes partidos de regime: o regenerador e o progressista.
A narrativa foi dividida em duas partes capitais. A parte I focou-se na
evolução das teorias sobre os poderes régios desde o antigo regime até à época
liberal e, também, analisoua forma como as três constituições monárquicas
portuguesas os abordaram. Por sua vez, a parte II consiste na análise interpretativa
dos principais acontecimentos políticos dos reinados que se enquadram no recorte
cronológico, fundamentalmente, aqueles momentos em que o Rei usou as
importantes prerrogativas atribuídas ao poder moderador, e com o objectivo de
construir uma história da instituição régia durante a época da Regeneração.
Por fim, pretendeu-se responder às perguntas que nortearam a tese: Qual o
papel do Rei durante a regeneração liberal? O Rei foi um fator de estabilidade, ou de
instabilidade política da época analisada? De forma geral, concluiu-se que o Rei,
nunca abdicando dos amplos poderes conferidos pela Carta Constitucional, fez uma
interpretação sensata e prudente dos mesmos e, numa época política que careceu de
outras referências institucionais sólidas, assumiu-se como garante do equilíbrio
institucional possível e da estabilidade política.
The doctorate thesis titled “O Rei na Regeneração: Poderes constitucionais e prática política (1852-1885)” (The King in the “Regeneração” period: Constitutional powers and political practice: 1852-1885) is aimed at identifying and understanding the role assigned to and played by the constitutional Kings during the historic period of the “Regeneração”, that is, from 1852, the year of the Additional Act which translated the goals of the political movement borne out of the field marshall Duke of Saldanha’s pronunciamento (military declaration, 1851), up until 1885, the year of approval of the Additional Act that limited the responsibilities of the moderating power and laid down the conditions to foster the rotating alternation of two major governing parties: the “Regenerador” and the “Progressista” (Regenerator and Progressive parties). The dissertation is divided into two main parts. Part I focuses on the evolving theories about the royal powers since the old regime until the liberal era, and looks into how the three monarchic constitutions dealt with those powers. In its turn, Part II consists of an interpretative analysis of the major political events that took place during the reigns included in said chronological period, mostly those in which the King made use of the important prerogatives entrusted to the moderating power. Finally, the author seeks to respond to the questions that guided the thesis itself: What was the King’s role during the time of the liberal regeneration? Did the King stand as a factor of political stability or of political instability during the period under analysis? Overall, the conclusion is that the King, while never forgoing the wide-ranging powers conferred upon him by the Constitutional Charter, exercised a wise and sensible interpretation of the same and, during a political period lacking other strong constitutional references, stood as the guarantor of institutional balance and political stability.
The doctorate thesis titled “O Rei na Regeneração: Poderes constitucionais e prática política (1852-1885)” (The King in the “Regeneração” period: Constitutional powers and political practice: 1852-1885) is aimed at identifying and understanding the role assigned to and played by the constitutional Kings during the historic period of the “Regeneração”, that is, from 1852, the year of the Additional Act which translated the goals of the political movement borne out of the field marshall Duke of Saldanha’s pronunciamento (military declaration, 1851), up until 1885, the year of approval of the Additional Act that limited the responsibilities of the moderating power and laid down the conditions to foster the rotating alternation of two major governing parties: the “Regenerador” and the “Progressista” (Regenerator and Progressive parties). The dissertation is divided into two main parts. Part I focuses on the evolving theories about the royal powers since the old regime until the liberal era, and looks into how the three monarchic constitutions dealt with those powers. In its turn, Part II consists of an interpretative analysis of the major political events that took place during the reigns included in said chronological period, mostly those in which the King made use of the important prerogatives entrusted to the moderating power. Finally, the author seeks to respond to the questions that guided the thesis itself: What was the King’s role during the time of the liberal regeneration? Did the King stand as a factor of political stability or of political instability during the period under analysis? Overall, the conclusion is that the King, while never forgoing the wide-ranging powers conferred upon him by the Constitutional Charter, exercised a wise and sensible interpretation of the same and, during a political period lacking other strong constitutional references, stood as the guarantor of institutional balance and political stability.
Description
Keywords
Rei Poder moderador Carta constitucional Monarquia constitucional Regeneração Liberalismo King Moderating power Constitutional Charter Constitutional monarchy Regeneration Liberalism