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- Humidificação de oxigénio de baixo fluxo à pessoa em situação crítica: a scoping reviewPublication . Conceição, C.; Santos, C.; Morgado, S.; Martins, L.; Madureira, M.; Veludo, F.
- Climate change and terrorism: the challenges for multilateralismPublication . Duque, RaquelClimate change poses one the most serious challenges to societies across the globe. As a transnational phenomenon, the action of a State alone cannot prevent, combat or mitigate the adverse consequences of climate change. The complexity of climate change also lies in its impacts in transversal sectors such as economics, politics, science, ethics, among others. Moreover, the scarcity of essential goods, material or immaterial, generates tensions in any community and climate change have implications in the livelihoods of people whenever there is a drought, a hurricane or a tsunami. These extreme conditions force people to displace in their country or to migrate and exacerbate the fragility of states which terrorist groups may exploit in their own profit. Awareness of climate change in all its dimensions has led states to recognize the importance of cooperation in solving domestic problems caused by the effects of climate change. Dialogue in multilateral arenas and action plans sanctioned by as many countries as possible, ensuring global action, becomes the most effective answer to climate change. Never have climate change issues had so much attention and concern from heads of state and government and public opinion. This can be seen in the diversity of high-level summits and panels in multilateral forums such as the UN, the European Union and security organizations such as NATO where climate change has been the central theme. From the above mentioned ideas, it is important to better understand the nexus between climate change and terrorism, as well as how multilateralism can respond to both phenomena, and this will constitute the core of this paper.
- Freedom and pandemic: on the way to a police state?Publication . Duque, RaquelThe COVID-19 pandemic presents a serious threat to public health. At the same time, measures adopted to combat it can have harmful and discriminatory effects on political rights and civil liberties, caused either intentionally or accidentally .Since the coronavirus outbreak, the condition of democracy and human rights has grown worse in 80 countries around the world according to the Freedom House. Governments have engaged in abuses of power, silenced their critics, undermined institutions and the existing mechanisms of accountability.This is the conclusion of the Freedom House research on the impact of COVID-19 on democracy and human rights which is original and based on a survey of nearly 400 journalists, civil society staff, activists, and other experts as well as research on 192 countries.The research presents the assumption that the COVID-19 pandemic is exacerbating the 14 years of repeated decline in freedom. Not only has democracy weakened in 80 countries, but the problem has become critical in struggling democracies and repressive states. This is also the basis of our presentation.The crisis of democracy is not a new political science subject, neither it is from this century. However, recently the pandemic seems to be the perfect excuse to impose measures that will be hard to reverse. Our presentation will analyse how democracy is being challenged during this pandemic and in order to do this, we will follow the “minimalist” and “electoralist” definition; at the same time, we will review some literature about the crises of democracy and connect this with the four behaviour warning signs made by Steven Levitsky and Daniel Ziblatt, that will help to identify a break in democracy.
- Should senior members in the police and security forces be qualified as politically exposed person?Publication . Gonçalves, Francisco Jorge; Martins, Veronica
- Women and grassroots-level engagement in building peacePublication . Calléja, LucieIn Building Peace: Sustainable Reconciliation in Divided Societies (1997), John Paul Lederach expressed that “the greatest resource for sustaining peace in the long term is always rooted in the local people and their culture” (1997:94). Based on this argument, this research promotes bottom-up approaches to peacebuilding and acknowledges the need for more inclusion and coordination between actors. Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) outlined in the 2030 Agenda adopted in 2015, we advance the centrality of community engagement and women’s participation in building sustainable peace. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development constitutes a collective action to strengthen universal prosperity and highlights the linkages between development, peace, and gender equality. More specifically, SDG 5 ‘gender equality’ is central to this research as it advances the need to ensure women’s full inclusion and equal participation in peacebuilding processes. Besides, our perspective supports SDG 16, reaffirming the need to ensure peace and security through conflict prevention and resolution initiatives. We emphasise the need to include grassroots approaches and strengthen capacity-building at the community level. In this regard, this research relates to the Laudato Si’ Goals (LSGs) ‘Response to the Cry of the Poor’ and ‘Community Engagement and Participatory Action’. These goals defend the development of cultures and policies that protect human life and increase solidarity with vulnerable people. Finally, this research highlights the need for increased coordination and collaboration between all stakeholders as a global partnership to achieve inclusive and sustainable peace worldwide.
- Is the initial training of Portuguese early childhood education and care professionals adequately preparing them to work with children aged 0-3?Publication . Moreira, Janete Silva; Gregório, Inês; Aguiar, Ana Lúcia; Brito, Ana Teresa; Cadima, Joana; Barros, LuísaThe ProFormação 0-3 project aims to characterize Portuguese early childhood education and care (ECEC) professionals’ initial training regarding children aged 0-3. Literature shows that ECEC professionals with specific training to work with children aged 0-3 have a more complex and multidimensional comprehension of their development and learning processes (Hu et al., 2019; Schaack et al., 2017). But further investigation is needed, specifically in Portugal (Gomes & Brito, 2022; Vasconcelos, 2011), to identify initial training key-elements (i.e., contents; practices) to potentiate ECEC quality (Eckhardt & Egert, 2018; Loizou & Recchia, 2018). To reach its goals, the project included 2 phases: a) documental analysis to identify all higher education and vocational programs available; b) focus groups with higher education lecturers of identified programs to understand their perceptions on how initial training prepares ECEC teachers to work with children aged 0-3, and with ECEC professionals to identify their training needs. The project was approved by the Ethics and Deontology Commission of the Faculty of Psychology of the University of Lisbon and complies with all ethical procedures. Results showed that contents related to work with children aged 0-3 are rarely included in initial programs, raising concerns regarding professionals’ preparation to work with infants/toddlers. Interviewees reported a greater focus on children under 3 is needed and expressed their perceptions on the most relevant changes needed. Gaps between contents of current programs and the training needs of ECEC professionals will be discussed, as well as recommendations for relevant complementary training offers.
- Promoting integral human development to innovation and business transformation: and what if a territory changes for the better?Publication . d'Araújo, Maria Alexandra; Abalroado, Tiago; Carvalho, Cristina S.; Santos, Maria Isabel; Nunes, Maria Vânia SilvaThe Alentejo Region (AR)faces challenges of poverty, a severely ageing population, and a lack of qualified human resources, among others, which bring a severe burden to the social and care responses in the territory. There is a recognized and urgent need to innovate in social responses. The Integral Human Development (IHD) (Pope Paul VI, 1967), centered on the development of “every man and all men” (Pope Paul VI,1967, p.14), that concerns person’s every single dimension, has the potential to guide that innovation (Benedict XVI, 2009). Here we present preliminary data of two ongoing programs that are being implemented in the AR which aim to promote IHD. We look for a preventive, innovative and multidisciplinary path in social care institutions, thus contributing to the common good. The two programmes are led by two different institutions, focusing on different aspects that promote IHD. The first programme is ledby Fundação Unitate and aims to promote the IHD of people in social care institutions through social innovation and the empowerment of social institutions in the territory. The second program is ledby Lavrar o Tempo and aims to promote IHD through training in Serious Leisure. This programme consists of a Serious Leisure pilot training action to capacitate all professionals in the field of Ageing to promote IHD in their professional context among colleagues and elderly people. Both programs integrate the post-doctoral program in IHD at the Universidade Católica Portuguesa in Lisbon. In the first programme’s preliminary data on social impact, it has been shown that the program has helped to improve the quality of life of people in social care institutions, as well as strengthened the relationships between the institutions and the community. Regarding the second programme, preliminary data indicates that the training action develops the professionals’ interpersonal relationships, promotes a positive impact on professional practice and contributes to the acknowledgement of the elderly person’s innate dignity.