Rajsingh, PeterNeubacher, Bastian2020-02-212020-01-272020http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/29648Christensen’s book "The Innovator’s Dilemma: Why New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail” revealed why big firms fail even if they are doing everything right. Former market leaders like Blockbuster, Kodak or Nokia failed in the end, because they followed the needs of their existing customer base and expectations of investors. Smaller players disrupted these incumbents with innovations they didn’t see coming. Since then, companies became aware of the theory of disruptive innovation. Schumpeter argued that innovation is a never-ending process and the main factor for economic growth. Alphabet and Amazon are two incumbents that are constantly innovating. Their multi-pronged approach of internal as well as external innovation strategies turned them into two of the highest valued firms globally. They exploited the extraordinary power of network effects of the internet and are now market leaders in the S&P 500. Strategic decision-making makes it possible for these firms to stay on top. They have also aggregated significant resources and illustrate themes articulated by theorists who advanced the resource-based view of the firm to explain competitive advantage. They use financial as well as human capital in smart and savvy ways that make it hard for other players to compete. With their well-calculated business strategies and desire to innovate they disprove Christensen’s innovator’s dilemma. Beside serving their customer and investor expectations with efficiency and sustaining innovations, they also focus on disruptive innovation in several industries and sectors with agile independent business units.O livro de Christensen "The Innovator's Dilemma: Why New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail" revelou porque as grandes empresas falham mesmo que estejam fazendo tudo certo. Antigos líderes de mercado como Blockbuster, Kodak ou Nokia falharam no final, porque seguiram as necessidades da sua base de clientes e as expectativas dos investidores. Os jogadores mais pequenos interromperam estas empresas com inovações que não viam chegar. Desde então, as empresas tomaram consciência da teoria da inovação disruptiva. Schumpeter argumentou que a inovação é um processo interminável e o principal fator para o crescimento econômico. O Alfabeto e a Amazônia são duas empresas incumbentes que estão constantemente inovando. Sua abordagem multifacetada de estratégias de inovação interna e externa as transformou em duas das empresas de maior valor global. A tomada de decisões estratégicas torna possível que estas empresas se mantenham no topo. Elas também agregaram recursos significativos e ilustram temas articulados por teóricos que avançaram a visão baseada em recursos da empresa para explicar a vantagem competitiva. Eles utilizam o capital financeiro e humano de forma inteligente e inteligente, o que dificulta a competição de outros atores. Com suas estratégias empresariais bem calculadas e seu desejo de inovar, eles refutam o dilema da inovadora Christensen. Além de atender às expectativas de seus clientes e investidores com eficiência e sustentar inovações, eles também se concentram na inovação disruptiva em vários setores e indústrias com unidades de negócios ágeis e independentes. Palavras-chave: Inovação Perturbadora, Vantagem Competitiva SustentadaengDisruptive innovationSustained competitive advantageCreative destructionAmazonAlphabetGoogleInovação perturbadoraVantagem competitiva sustentadaDestruição criativaAlphabet and Amazon : how incumbent resource power keeps competitors at Baymaster thesis202439526