Browsing by Author "Rojas, Romeo"
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- Enhancing the insecticidal efficacy of Allium sativum extracts through microencapsulation via complex coacervationPublication . Michel, Mariela R.; Aguilar-Zárate, Mayra; Perales-Rosas, Daniel; Martínez-Ávila, Guillermo Cristian G.; Gómez-García, Ricardo; Tafolla-Arellano, Julio C.; Rojas, Romeo; Aguilar-Zárate, PedroGarlic (Allium sativum L.) has been widely studied for its insecticidal properties. The primary bioactive molecule in garlic extracts include allicin, alliin, S-allylcysteine, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, diallyl sulfide and ajoene. However, these compounds degrade under environmental conditions once extracted. This study aimed to enhance the effectiveness of garlic extracts in controlling Tenebrio molitor by optimizing microencapsulation techniques. The garlic extracts were encapsulated using the complex coacervation method, with independent variables including pH levels (3, 6 and 9), whey protein isolate (WPI) (4 %, 6 % and 8 % w/v) and pectin (0.50 %, 0.75 % and 1.00 % w/v). A Taguchi L9 (33) orthogonal array was employed to design 9 treatments and T. molitor mortality was assessed 72 h after a 10 sec immersion of the insects in the treatments. Statistical analysis revealed that WPI had the most significant influence (24.52 %), followed by pH (18.82 %) and pectin (7.79 %). The interaction between pH and pectin had the greatest effect on the encapsulation process, accounting for 38.65 % of the influence. The optimal microencapsulation conditions were predicted by software to be pH 3, a pectin concentration of 0.75 % w/v and a WPI concentration of 4.00 % w/v, resulting in a signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of 42.30. Experimental validation of these conditions produced an S/N ratio of 18.54, corresponding to a T. molitor mortality rate of 92 ± 4.47 %. The resulting microcapsules had diameters ranging from 1-5 μm. Complex coacervation is a highly promising method for microencapsulating garlic extracts and preserving their insecticidal properties.
- Grape pomace - advances in its bioactivity, health benefits, and food applicationsPublication . Almanza-Oliveros, Angélica; Bautista-Hernández, Israel; Castro-López, Cecilia; Aguilar-Zárate, Pedro; Meza-Carranco, Zahidd; Rojas, Romeo; Michel, Mariela R.; Martínez-Ávila, Guillermo Cristian G.From a circular economy perspective, the appropriate management and valorization of winery wastes and by-products are crucial for sustainable development. Nowadays, grape pomace (GP) has attracted increasing interest within the food field due to its valuable content, comprising nutritional and bioactive compounds (e.g., polyphenols, organic and fatty acids, vitamins, etc.). Particularly, GP polyphenols have been recognized as exhibiting technological and health-promoting effects in different food and biological systems. Hence, GP valorization is a step toward offering new functional foods and contributing to solving waste management problems in the wine industry. On this basis, the use of GP as a food additive/ingredient in the development of novel products with technological and functional advantages has recently been proposed. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the bioactivity and health-promoting effects of polyphenolic-rich extracts from GP samples. Advances in GP incorporation into food formulations (enhancement of physicochemical, sensory, and nutritional quality) and information supporting the intellectual property related to GP potential applications in the food industry are also discussed.
- The optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction for bioactive compounds from Flourensia cernua and Jatropha dioica and the evaluation of their functional propertiesPublication . Aranda-Ledesma, Nestor Everardo; Aguilar-Zárate, Pedro; Bautista-Hernández, Israel; Rojas, Romeo; Robledo-Jiménez, Claudia Lizeth; Martínez-Ávila, Guillermo Cristian GuadalupeFlourensia cernua and Jatropha dioica are non-timber forest species that grow in the desert regions of northern Mexico. Currently, they are recognized as a viable alternative to traditional remedies used to address certain ailments. However, the low yields of bioactive compounds obtained propitiate the use of more effective extraction techniques such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) in combination with statistical models such as Taguchi to maximize the yields of bioactive compounds. The objective of the research was to determine the optimal conditions for maximizing the yields of purified polyphenolic compounds from F. cernua and J. dioica using the Taguchi statistical model. In addition, we evaluated the total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity (ABTS•+, FRAP, and OH• hydroxyl radical inhibition), and the in vitro evaluation of α-amylase inhibition and ex vivo hemolysis inhibition. Furthermore, a functional group analysis was conducted using FTIR. The optimization process revealed that the maximum yields of bioactive compounds for F. cernua and J. dioica were achieved with a particle size of 0.25 mm and 0.30 mm, temperatures of 60 °C for both, a water–ethanol concentration of 50% for both, and extraction times of 30 min and 5 min, respectively. The matrix bioactive compounds obtained contain flavonoid-type phenolic compounds, which exhibit properties such as inhibiting free radicals and acting as reducing agents; inhibiting α-amylase activity, which is involved in carbohydrate metabolism; and protecting red blood cells from damage by reactive oxygen species. Finally, the FTIR analysis allowed for the identification of functional groups associated with the polyphenolic compounds (O–H, C–H, C–C, C=O). These results suggest that both non-timber forest species are a rich source of bioactive compounds with potential for application in the agri-food and pharmaceutical industries However, it is necessary to carry out compound identification as well as toxicity analyses to guarantee the safety of these bioactive compounds.