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Abstract(s)
Introdução: Os alimentos que compõem a dieta de um individuo e os seus hábitos de saúde oral tem efeitos directos na sua saúde. A Saúde Oral não pode ser excluída quando se considera o corpo humano como um todo, sendo que um indivíduo só se encontra em pleno estado de saúde se também a nível oral se encontrar livre de patologia.
Avaliar os hábitos alimentares e cuidados de saúde oral, determinando quais os efeitos a nível local e sistémico têm uma grande importância no acompanhamento de um paciente pelo profissional. Averiguando quais os parâmetros que este deve melhorar em conjunto com a recolha de dados clínicos, o Médico Dentista está em condições de diagnosticar, planear o tratamento e aconselhar quais as mudanças que devem ser introduzidas (nomeadamente na alimentação) para manter um elevado nível de qualidade de vida.
O objectivo deste estudo é estabelecer uma relação entre a ingestão de alimentos açucarados e os hábitos de saúde oral (escovagem e utilização de fio dentário), bem como caracterizar os hábitos alimentares de uma amostra de pacientes da Clínica Universitária da UCP, Viseu.
Participantes e Métodos: Foi realizado um Estudo Piloto a uma amostra de 71 indivíduos que compareceram à consulta na Clínica Universitária da Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Viseu, com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e os 74 anos de idade. Registou-se uma maior numero de participantes do género feminino, cerca de 40 indivíduos (56,3%) e 31 participantes do género masculino (43,7%). Foi assegurado o total anonimato do participante com uma breve explicação e preenchimento do consentimento informado. De seguida foi atribuído um questionário auto-aplicado, cujos participantes foram esclarecidos quanto ao seu preenchimento. Para a recolha dos restantes dados relevantes para este estudo, foi efectuado um exame clinico intra-oral obtendo-se índices de CPOD e de placa bacteriana de O’Leary e uma completa história clínica.
Resultados: Verifica-se que na distribuição da escovagem dentária diária por género, os homens apresentam uma menor frequência de escovagem dentária.
Cerca de 63% dos participantes referem escovar os dentes 2 ou mais vezes por dia, sendo que o grupo que apresenta maior frequência de escovagem é aquele que se inclui no intervalo de idades entre os 14 e 29 anos, cerca de 72% dos mesmos. XII
A utilização de fio dentário diminui com o aumento de idade, sendo que em todos os intervalos de idades se verifica que a percentagem de não utilizadores de fio dentário supera a de utilizadores. Quanto à sua distribuição por género, verifica-se que as mulheres tem uma maior percentagem de utilizadores de fio dentário que os homens, cerca de 42,5% e 29% respectivamente.
Quanto ao consumo de alimentos açucarados, verifica-se que este diminui progressivamente com a idade, sendo que por género se regista uma maior percentagem de indivíduos do género masculino a consumir alimentos açucarados.
Quanto à distribuição de consumo de alimentos açucarados pela escovagem de dentes verifica-se que 88,4% dos participantes que consome alimentos açucarados escova pelo menos uma vez os dentes por dia. Os resultados obtidos são positivos, na medida em que 60,5% dos consumidores de alimentos açucarados escova os dentes 2 ou mais vezes por dia.
Quanto à frequência de consumo de alimentos açucarados, verifica-se que quanto maior a frequência de consumo menor o numero de indivíduos incluídos. Verificando-se que a maioria dos indivíduos que consomem alimentos açucarados fazem-no à tarde (37,2% da amostra), seguido do período da manhã com 25,6% dos indivíduos. O factor consumo de alimentos açucarados revelou que este, por si só, se traduz num aumento do índice de CPOD. Isto é, independentemente da frequência de consumo de alimentos açucarados, à medida que o índice de CPOD aumenta, aumenta também a percentagem de indivíduos incluídos.
Verificou-se que quanto ao consumo de alimentos considerados saudáveis, cerca de 56% da amostra consome 6 alimentos, sendo que a percentagem de indivíduos diminui à medida que diminui o numero de alimentos consumidos. Esta esquemática revela-se idêntica para ambos os géneros, sendo no entanto notória uma maior percentagem de mulheres a consumir 6 alimentos, que homens, cerca de 67,7% e 47,5% respectivamente.
Quanto à distribuição de frequência de consumo de fast food, verifica-se que apenas 36,6% da amostra consome este tipo de alimentos, constatando-se que com o aumento da idade diminui a frequência de consumo.
Conclusões: Concluímos neste estudo que para a obtenção de resultados mais precisos e realistas necessitamos de uma amostra mais abrangente. Só assim poderemos obter dados mais precisos que relacionem os hábitos de saúde oral e factores relacionados com a dieta.
Existe uma concordância verificada com alguns estudos analisados e o presente estudo piloto relativamente aos resultados obtidos sobre hábitos de saúde oral e índice de placa oral de O’Leary e patologia periodontal. XIII
Obtivemos resultados contraditórios entre os estudos analisados e o estudo piloto apresentado, sobre hábitos de Saúde Oral, índice de CPOD, pelo que outros factores endógenos e exógenos poderão ser considerados.
Introduction: The different foods that constitute the diet of an individual and his oral health habits have direct effects on his health status. Oral Health must not be excluded when considering the human body as a whole, considering that an individual only reaches a complete state of health when is oral status is also free of any kind of pathology. Evaluating the eating habits and oral health care, determining what are its effects locally and systemically have a great importance when the professional performs a clinical follow up. By determining which are the parameters that need improvement by the patient and evaluation of clinical data, the dentist is able to diagnose, plan the treatment procedures and advise the changes that are needed (for example in eating habits) to keep a high quality of life level. This study’s goal is to establish a relation between the sugared food intakes and oral health habits, as well as characterizing eating habits of a sample of patients from the UCP University Clinic of Viseu. Participants and Methods: We elaborated a Pilot Study to a sample of 71 individuals that attended to the appointment schedule at the University Clinic of Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Viseu, aged between 14 to 74 years old. There was a big number of participants included in the feminine gender, about 40 individuals (56,3%) and 31 individuals included masculine gender (43,7%). It was assured the total anonymity of every participant with a brief explanation and filling of the informed consent. A self-administered inquiry was than given to every participant, followed by a brief explanation. The remaining important data was obtained by an intra-oral examination obtaining this way the DMFT and O’Leary indexes as well as a complete clinical history. Results: We verified that in the distribution of daily tooth brushing by gender, men are related to a lower daily tooth brushing frequency. Sixty three per cent of participants claim a daily tooth brushing frequency of two or more times a day, being the range from 14 to 29 years old the group that presents the higher percentage, 72% of the sample. The use of dental floss decreases as the age increases; of which in every age range the non-users percentage exceeds the users. About the distribution by gender, we verified that women have a higher percentage of dental floss users than man, about 42,5% and 29% respectively. About the sugary foods intakes, we verified that it decreases as age increases and that by gender, there is a higher percentage of male individuals consuming sugary foods than women. The distribution of sugary foods intak by tooth brushing showed us that 88,4% of the participants consuming sugary foods brush at least one time each day. The results obtained are positive, since 60,5% of consumers brush 2 or more times per day. We verified that as sugary foods consumption frequency rises, the number of individuals included in the range decreases. Also, the majority of the individuals consuming sugary foods do it in the afternoon (37,2% of the sample), followed by the morning period (25,6% of the sample). The sugary foods consumption factor is responsible by its self for the DMFT index increase. This means that independently of the intake frequency, as the DMFT index increases, the included individuals number within the range also increases. We verified that 56% of the sample’s individuals consume 6 of the healthy foods from our list. This percentage decreases as the number of healthy foods consumption range decreases. In the same way, the consumption of healthy food by gender presents it self in the same way, although the women percentage is considerably higher than men’s (67,7% and 47,5% respectively). The distribution of fast food consumption frequency reveals that only 36,6% of the sample actually consumes this type of food, also demonstrating that as age range increases the consumption decreases. Conclusions: We concluded that in order to obtain precise and realistic results in this study, the sample should be o lot more comprehensive. Only then we would be able to obtain more reliable data relating oral health habits and dietary related factors. There is an agreement between the obtained results in this pilot study and other studies analysed concerning oral health habits, O’Leary’s bacterial plaque index and periodontal pathology. We have obtained contradictory results between analysed studies and the presented pilot study about oral health habits and, DMFT index, meaning that other factors (endogenous or exogenous) must be considered.
Introduction: The different foods that constitute the diet of an individual and his oral health habits have direct effects on his health status. Oral Health must not be excluded when considering the human body as a whole, considering that an individual only reaches a complete state of health when is oral status is also free of any kind of pathology. Evaluating the eating habits and oral health care, determining what are its effects locally and systemically have a great importance when the professional performs a clinical follow up. By determining which are the parameters that need improvement by the patient and evaluation of clinical data, the dentist is able to diagnose, plan the treatment procedures and advise the changes that are needed (for example in eating habits) to keep a high quality of life level. This study’s goal is to establish a relation between the sugared food intakes and oral health habits, as well as characterizing eating habits of a sample of patients from the UCP University Clinic of Viseu. Participants and Methods: We elaborated a Pilot Study to a sample of 71 individuals that attended to the appointment schedule at the University Clinic of Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Viseu, aged between 14 to 74 years old. There was a big number of participants included in the feminine gender, about 40 individuals (56,3%) and 31 individuals included masculine gender (43,7%). It was assured the total anonymity of every participant with a brief explanation and filling of the informed consent. A self-administered inquiry was than given to every participant, followed by a brief explanation. The remaining important data was obtained by an intra-oral examination obtaining this way the DMFT and O’Leary indexes as well as a complete clinical history. Results: We verified that in the distribution of daily tooth brushing by gender, men are related to a lower daily tooth brushing frequency. Sixty three per cent of participants claim a daily tooth brushing frequency of two or more times a day, being the range from 14 to 29 years old the group that presents the higher percentage, 72% of the sample. The use of dental floss decreases as the age increases; of which in every age range the non-users percentage exceeds the users. About the distribution by gender, we verified that women have a higher percentage of dental floss users than man, about 42,5% and 29% respectively. About the sugary foods intakes, we verified that it decreases as age increases and that by gender, there is a higher percentage of male individuals consuming sugary foods than women. The distribution of sugary foods intak by tooth brushing showed us that 88,4% of the participants consuming sugary foods brush at least one time each day. The results obtained are positive, since 60,5% of consumers brush 2 or more times per day. We verified that as sugary foods consumption frequency rises, the number of individuals included in the range decreases. Also, the majority of the individuals consuming sugary foods do it in the afternoon (37,2% of the sample), followed by the morning period (25,6% of the sample). The sugary foods consumption factor is responsible by its self for the DMFT index increase. This means that independently of the intake frequency, as the DMFT index increases, the included individuals number within the range also increases. We verified that 56% of the sample’s individuals consume 6 of the healthy foods from our list. This percentage decreases as the number of healthy foods consumption range decreases. In the same way, the consumption of healthy food by gender presents it self in the same way, although the women percentage is considerably higher than men’s (67,7% and 47,5% respectively). The distribution of fast food consumption frequency reveals that only 36,6% of the sample actually consumes this type of food, also demonstrating that as age range increases the consumption decreases. Conclusions: We concluded that in order to obtain precise and realistic results in this study, the sample should be o lot more comprehensive. Only then we would be able to obtain more reliable data relating oral health habits and dietary related factors. There is an agreement between the obtained results in this pilot study and other studies analysed concerning oral health habits, O’Leary’s bacterial plaque index and periodontal pathology. We have obtained contradictory results between analysed studies and the presented pilot study about oral health habits and, DMFT index, meaning that other factors (endogenous or exogenous) must be considered.
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Keywords
Amostra Dieta Hábitos de saúde oral Alimentos açucarados Escovagem Fio dentário Sample Diet Oral health Sugary food Fast food Tooth brushing Dental floss